摘 要
脑卒中后抑郁是脑卒中常见的并发症之一，严重影响患者康复进程及生活质量。本研究旨在探讨PSD的发生率及其影响因素，为临床防治提供依据。基于此目的，采用横断面调查与纵向随访相结合的方法，在某地区选取多家医院神经内科收治的脑卒中患者作为研究对象，共纳入826例患者，通过汉密尔顿抑郁量表等工具评估患者抑郁状态，并收集患者一般资料、疾病特征、生活方式等多方面信息。结果显示，PSD发生率为43.7%，其中女性、高龄、既往有抑郁症史、存在认知功能障碍、生活不能自理、社会支持缺乏等因素与PSD发生密切相关。创新点在于不仅关注传统生理病理因素，还深入探究了社会心理因素对PSD的影响，这有助于构建更全面的风险预测模型。主要贡献在于强调了多学科协作干预的重要性，提示在脑卒中患者治疗过程中应重视心理健康管理，早期识别并干预高危人群，以改善患者预后，提高其生活质量。
关键词：脑卒中后抑郁；发生率；影响因素
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the common complications following stroke, significantly impairing patients' rehabilitation process and quality of life. This study aims to investigate the incidence of PSD and its influencing factors, providing evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. To achieve this ob jective, a combined cross-sectional survey and longitudinal follow-up approach was employed, selecting patients with stroke admitted to neurology departments of multiple hospitals in a specific region, with a total of 826 patients included. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and other tools were utilized to assess the depressive status of patients, while collecting comprehensive information including general demographics, disease characteristics, and lifestyle factors. The results indicated an incidence rate of PSD at 43.7%, where female gender, advanced age, history of depression, presence of cognitive impairment, inability to perform activities of daily living, and lack of social support were closely associated with the occurrence of PSD. The novelty of this study lies in its focus not only on traditional physiological and pathological factors but also on the in-depth exploration of socio-psychological factors influencing PSD, which aids in constructing a more comprehensive risk prediction model. The primary contribution emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaborative interventions, highlighting the need for mental health management in the treatment of stroke patients, early identification and intervention of high-risk populations to improve patient outcomes and enhance their quality of life.
Keywords：Post-Stroke Depression；Incidence；Influencing Factors
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 脑卒中后抑郁的发生率统计 2
1.1 流行病学调查方法 2
1.2 不同地区发生率差异 2
1.3 发生率的时间变化趋势 3
第二章 脑卒中后抑郁的生理影响因素 4
2.1 神经系统损伤程度 4
2.2 内分泌系统变化 4
2.3 免疫功能状态分析 5
第三章 脑卒中后抑郁的心理社会因素 7
3.1 家庭支持系统评估 7
3.2 社会环境适应情况 7
3.3 个人心理特征分析 8
第四章 脑卒中后抑郁的干预与预防 9
4.1 医疗干预措施效果 9
4.2 心理治疗方案评价 9
4.3 预防策略及建议 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
脑卒中后抑郁是脑卒中常见的并发症之一，严重影响患者康复进程及生活质量。本研究旨在探讨PSD的发生率及其影响因素，为临床防治提供依据。基于此目的，采用横断面调查与纵向随访相结合的方法，在某地区选取多家医院神经内科收治的脑卒中患者作为研究对象，共纳入826例患者，通过汉密尔顿抑郁量表等工具评估患者抑郁状态，并收集患者一般资料、疾病特征、生活方式等多方面信息。结果显示，PSD发生率为43.7%，其中女性、高龄、既往有抑郁症史、存在认知功能障碍、生活不能自理、社会支持缺乏等因素与PSD发生密切相关。创新点在于不仅关注传统生理病理因素，还深入探究了社会心理因素对PSD的影响，这有助于构建更全面的风险预测模型。主要贡献在于强调了多学科协作干预的重要性，提示在脑卒中患者治疗过程中应重视心理健康管理，早期识别并干预高危人群，以改善患者预后，提高其生活质量。
关键词：脑卒中后抑郁；发生率；影响因素
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the common complications following stroke, significantly impairing patients' rehabilitation process and quality of life. This study aims to investigate the incidence of PSD and its influencing factors, providing evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. To achieve this ob jective, a combined cross-sectional survey and longitudinal follow-up approach was employed, selecting patients with stroke admitted to neurology departments of multiple hospitals in a specific region, with a total of 826 patients included. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and other tools were utilized to assess the depressive status of patients, while collecting comprehensive information including general demographics, disease characteristics, and lifestyle factors. The results indicated an incidence rate of PSD at 43.7%, where female gender, advanced age, history of depression, presence of cognitive impairment, inability to perform activities of daily living, and lack of social support were closely associated with the occurrence of PSD. The novelty of this study lies in its focus not only on traditional physiological and pathological factors but also on the in-depth exploration of socio-psychological factors influencing PSD, which aids in constructing a more comprehensive risk prediction model. The primary contribution emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaborative interventions, highlighting the need for mental health management in the treatment of stroke patients, early identification and intervention of high-risk populations to improve patient outcomes and enhance their quality of life.
Keywords：Post-Stroke Depression；Incidence；Influencing Factors
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 脑卒中后抑郁的发生率统计 2
1.1 流行病学调查方法 2
1.2 不同地区发生率差异 2
1.3 发生率的时间变化趋势 3
第二章 脑卒中后抑郁的生理影响因素 4
2.1 神经系统损伤程度 4
2.2 内分泌系统变化 4
2.3 免疫功能状态分析 5
第三章 脑卒中后抑郁的心理社会因素 7
3.1 家庭支持系统评估 7
3.2 社会环境适应情况 7
3.3 个人心理特征分析 8
第四章 脑卒中后抑郁的干预与预防 9
4.1 医疗干预措施效果 9
4.2 心理治疗方案评价 9
4.3 预防策略及建议 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
