摘 要
肺癌是全球发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一，化疗作为主要治疗手段，在延长患者生存期的同时也带来了诸多不良反应，严重影响患者生活质量。本研究旨在探讨肺癌患者化疗期间生活质量的影响因素并提出有效的支持性护理措施。通过系统评价国内外相关文献，采用横断面调查法，选取某三甲医院120例接受化疗的肺癌患者为研究对象，运用肺癌特异性生活质量测定量表进行问卷调查，同时收集患者一般资料、疾病特征及治疗相关信息。结果显示，患者的年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、是否参加工作、婚姻状况、病理类型、化疗周期数等因素对生活质量有不同程度影响，其中经济压力、心理状态和社会支持尤为显著。创新性地构建了基于多维度评估的支持性护理模式，包括心理干预、健康教育、症状管理等综合措施，经实践验证能有效改善患者的生活质量，减轻化疗带来的不良反应，提高患者对治疗的依从性和满意度，为临床护理工作提供了新的思路与方法，有助于优化肺癌患者化疗期间的整体护理方案。
关键词：肺癌化疗；生活质量；支持性护理
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest incidence and mortality rates globally. Chemotherapy, as a primary treatment modality, prolongs patient survival but also introduces numerous adverse effects that significantly impair quality of life (QoL). This study aims to investigate the influencing factors of QoL in lung cancer patients during chemotherapy and propose effective supportive care measures. By systematically reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, a cross-sectional survey method was employed, selecting 120 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy from a tertiary hospital as subjects. The Lung Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire was used for data collection, along with gathering general patient information, disease characteristics, and treatment-related details. Results indicated that factors such as age, educational level, family monthly income, employment status, marital status, pathological type, and number of chemotherapy cycles differentially influenced QoL, with economic pressure, psychological state, and social support being particularly significant. An innovative multidimensional assessment-based supportive care model was constructed, encompassing comprehensive measures such as psychological intervention, health education, and symptom management. Practical validation demonstrated that this model effectively improves patients' QoL, mitigates adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy, enhances treatment compliance and satisfaction, providing new insights and methods for clinical nursing work, which contributes to optimizing the overall nursing plan for lung cancer patients during chemotherapy.
Keywords：Lung Cancer Chemotherapy；Quality Of Life；Supportive Care
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 肺癌患者生活质量概述 2
1.1 生活质量概念界定 2
1.2 化疗对生活质量的影响 2
1.3 研究现状与问题 3
第二章 影响生活质量的生理因素 5
2.1 化疗副作用分析 5
2.2 机体功能变化研究 5
2.3 疾病进展的影响 6
第三章 影响生活质量的心理社会因素 7
3.1 心理压力与应对 7
3.2 社会支持系统评估 7
3.3 家庭关系的影响 8
第四章 支持性护理干预措施 9
4.1 护理模式的选择 9
4.2 心理护理策略实施 9
4.3 生理症状管理方法 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
