摘 要
学前融合教育是促进特殊儿童与普通儿童共同成长的重要途径，而同伴互助模式在其中发挥着关键作用。本研究以提升学前融合教育质量为目标，探讨如何构建有效的同伴互助模式，为特殊儿童的社会性发展和普通儿童的共情能力培养提供支持。该框架强调以儿童为中心，注重教师指导、家长参与和社会支持的协同作用，同时融入个性化干预策略，以满足不同儿童的发展需求。研究结果表明，同伴互助模式能够显著改善特殊儿童的社会交往能力和情绪管理能力，同时增强普通儿童的合作意识和包容心态。本研究创新性地提出了“动态匹配机制”，通过定期评估儿童的能力水平和发展需求，灵活调整同伴组合，从而优化互助效果。这一机制为同伴互助模式的实际应用提供了科学依据和技术支持。
关键词：学前融合教育；同伴互助模式；动态匹配机制；特殊儿童社会性发展；普通儿童共情能力培养
Construction of Peer Support Models in Preschool Inclusive Education
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
Preschool integration education is an important way to promote the common growth of special children and ordinary children, and the peer assistance model plays a key role in it. This study aims to improve the quality of preschool integrated education, and discusses how to build an effective peer mutual aid model to support the social development of special children and the cultivation of empathy ability of ordinary children. The fr amework emphasizes child centricity, focusing on synergies of teacher guidance, parent involvement and social support, while incorporating individualized intervention strategies to meet the developmental needs of different children. The results show that the peer help model can significantly improve the social communication ability and emotional management ability of special children, and enhance the cooperation consciousness and inclusive mentality of ordinary children. This study innovatively proposed a "dynamic matching mechanism" to optimize the mutual aid effect by regularly assessing children's ability level and developmental needs and flexibly adjusting the peer mix. This mechanism provides scientific basis and technical support for the practical application of peer assistance model.
Keywords: Preschool Inclusive Education；Peer Assistance Model；Dynamic Matching Mechanism；Social Development Of Children With Special Needs；Empathy Training For Typically Developing Children
目 录
引言 1
一、融合教育与同伴互助模式概述 1
(一)融合教育的基本概念 1
(二)同伴互助模式的理论基础 2
(三)模式构建的研究意义 2
二、学前融合教育中的同伴关系分析 3
(一)同伴关系对儿童发展的影响 3
(二)特殊需求儿童的同伴互动特征 3
(三)普通儿童在同伴互助中的角色定位 4
三、同伴互助模式的设计与实施策略 4
(一)模式设计的核心原则 4
(二)实施过程中的关键环节 5
(三)教师在模式构建中的作用 5
四、同伴互助模式的效果评估与优化 6
(一)评估指标体系的构建 6
(二)实践案例的效果分析 7
(三)模式优化的方向与建议 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
