摘 要
林下套种中药材作为一种生态经济模式，近年来受到广泛关注。本研究以杉木林为研究对象，通过在林下套种黄精、重楼等中药材，探讨其对杉木生长的影响，旨在优化林业生产结构并提升土地综合效益。研究采用随机区组设计，在不同密度和种植模式下监测杉木的胸径、树高及生物量变化，并结合土壤养分动态进行分析。结果表明，林下套种在一定程度上抑制了杉木的初期生长，但长期来看，合理密度下的套种模式能够促进杉木胸径增长并改善土壤肥力。创新点在于首次量化了不同中药材种类及其种植密度对杉木生长的具体影响，并提出了“低竞争-高共生”种植模式作为优化方案。研究表明，科学规划的林下套种不仅可实现经济效益与生态效益的双赢，还为可持续林业发展提供了新思路。关键词：林下套种; 中药材; 杉木生长; 土壤肥力; 低竞争-高共生模式
Abstract
Understory intercropping of medicinal plants as an ecological-economic model has drawn increasing attention in recent years. This study focused on Cunninghamia lanceolata forests, investigating the impact of intercropping with medicinal plants such as Polygonatum and Paris polyphylla on the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata, with the aim of optimizing forestry production structures and enhancing land-use efficiency. A randomized block design was employed to monitor changes in stem diameter, tree height, and biomass of Cunninghamia lanceolata under different densities and planting patterns, while analyzing soil nutrient dynamics. The results indicated that understory intercropping partially suppressed the initial growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata; however, in the long term, intercropping at appropriate densities promoted stem diameter growth and improved soil fertility. An innovation of this study lies in its first quantitative analysis of the specific impacts of different medicinal plant species and their planting densities on the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata, proposing a "low-competition-high-symbiosis" planting model as an optimization strategy. This research demonstrates that scientifically planned understory intercropping can achieve a win-win outcome for economic and ecological benefits, providing new insights for sustainable forestry development.Key words:Understory Intercropping; Chinese Medicinal Herbs; Cunninghamia Lanceolata Growth; Soil Fertility; Low Competition-High Symbiosis Model
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、林下套种的生态背景 3
1.1、杉木林生态系统特征 3
1.2、中药材种植的生态适应性 3
1.3、套种模式的理论基础 4
第2章、套种对杉木生长的影响机制 5
2.1、光照条件的变化分析 5
2.2、土壤养分的竞争关系 5
2.3、水分利用效率的对比研究 6
第3章、不同中药材套种的效果评估 7
3.1、套种中药材种类的选择 7
3.2、生长指标的监测与分析 7
3.3、经济效益与生态效益权衡 7
第4章、套种模式优化与实践建议 9
4.1、套种密度的合理配置 9
4.2、管理措施的技术改进 9
4.3、长期监测与动态调整策略 9
结 论 11
参考文献 12
