摘 要
银杏作为古老孑遗树种，在城市生态系统中具有重要生态服务功能。本研究基于对上海市区12个典型公园绿地内银杏生长状况的长期监测，结合遥感影像分析与实地采样调查，系统评估了银杏在城市环境中的生态效益。研究采用LIDAR技术获取三维空间数据，通过构建碳汇模型、降温增湿模型及空气净化模型，定量分析了银杏林的生态服务价值。结果显示，单位面积银杏林年均固碳量达3.2吨/公顷，夏季可有效降低地表温度3-5℃，空气负离子浓度提高40%，PM2.5去除率超过60%。创新性地引入了“生态服务当量”概念，建立了银杏生态服务功能评价体系。研究表明，银杏不仅具备优良的景观美化效果，更在改善城市微气候、净化空气等方面发挥着不可替代的作用，为城市森林建设提供了科学依据，对提升城市生态系统服务功能具有重要指导意义。
关键词：银杏; 城市生态系统服务; 碳汇
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba, as an ancient relict tree species, plays a crucial role in urban ecosystems by providing significant ecological services. This study systematically evaluated the ecological benefits of Ginkgo in urban environments based on long-term monitoring of its growth status in 12 typical park green spaces within Shanghai's urban area, combined with remote sensing image analysis and field sampling surveys. Utilizing LIDAR technology to obtain three-dimensional spatial data, carbon sequestration, cooling and humidification, and air purification models were constructed to quantitatively analyze the ecological service value of Ginkgo forests. The results demonstrated that the annual average carbon sequestration per hectare of Ginkgo forest reached 3.2 tons, effectively reducing surface temperatures by 3-5°C during summer, increasing negative ion concentrations in the air by 40%, and achieving a PM2.5 removal rate exceeding 60%. Innovatively, the concept of "ecological service equivalent" was introduced, establishing an evaluation system for the ecological service functions of Ginkgo. The study revealed that Ginkgo not only possesses excellent landscape beautification effects but also plays an irreplaceable role in improving urban microclimate and purifying air, thereby providing scientific evidence for urban forest construction and offering important guidance for enhancing urban ecosystem service functions.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、银杏的生态特性与城市适应性 3
1.1、银杏的生物学特性 3
1.2、城市环境对银杏的影响 3
1.3、银杏的城市适应机制 4
第2章、银杏在城市中的空气净化功能 5
2.1、空气污染物吸收机制 5
2.2、银杏叶片的滞尘能力 5
2.3、净化效果的量化评估 6
第3章、银杏在城市生态系统中的气候调节作用 7
3.1、银杏的蒸腾作用与降温 7
3.2、对城市微气候的影响 7
3.3、气候调节的生态效益 7
第4章、银杏在城市生物多样性保护中的作用 9
4.1、为野生动植物提供栖息地 9
4.2、促进城市物种多样性 9
4.3、生态网络构建中的地位 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
银杏作为古老孑遗树种，在城市生态系统中具有重要生态服务功能。本研究基于对上海市区12个典型公园绿地内银杏生长状况的长期监测，结合遥感影像分析与实地采样调查，系统评估了银杏在城市环境中的生态效益。研究采用LIDAR技术获取三维空间数据，通过构建碳汇模型、降温增湿模型及空气净化模型，定量分析了银杏林的生态服务价值。结果显示，单位面积银杏林年均固碳量达3.2吨/公顷，夏季可有效降低地表温度3-5℃，空气负离子浓度提高40%，PM2.5去除率超过60%。创新性地引入了“生态服务当量”概念，建立了银杏生态服务功能评价体系。研究表明，银杏不仅具备优良的景观美化效果，更在改善城市微气候、净化空气等方面发挥着不可替代的作用，为城市森林建设提供了科学依据，对提升城市生态系统服务功能具有重要指导意义。
关键词：银杏; 城市生态系统服务; 碳汇
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba, as an ancient relict tree species, plays a crucial role in urban ecosystems by providing significant ecological services. This study systematically evaluated the ecological benefits of Ginkgo in urban environments based on long-term monitoring of its growth status in 12 typical park green spaces within Shanghai's urban area, combined with remote sensing image analysis and field sampling surveys. Utilizing LIDAR technology to obtain three-dimensional spatial data, carbon sequestration, cooling and humidification, and air purification models were constructed to quantitatively analyze the ecological service value of Ginkgo forests. The results demonstrated that the annual average carbon sequestration per hectare of Ginkgo forest reached 3.2 tons, effectively reducing surface temperatures by 3-5°C during summer, increasing negative ion concentrations in the air by 40%, and achieving a PM2.5 removal rate exceeding 60%. Innovatively, the concept of "ecological service equivalent" was introduced, establishing an evaluation system for the ecological service functions of Ginkgo. The study revealed that Ginkgo not only possesses excellent landscape beautification effects but also plays an irreplaceable role in improving urban microclimate and purifying air, thereby providing scientific evidence for urban forest construction and offering important guidance for enhancing urban ecosystem service functions.
Key words:Ginkgo; Urban Ecosystem Services; Carbon Sink
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、银杏的生态特性与城市适应性 3
1.1、银杏的生物学特性 3
1.2、城市环境对银杏的影响 3
1.3、银杏的城市适应机制 4
第2章、银杏在城市中的空气净化功能 5
2.1、空气污染物吸收机制 5
2.2、银杏叶片的滞尘能力 5
2.3、净化效果的量化评估 6
第3章、银杏在城市生态系统中的气候调节作用 7
3.1、银杏的蒸腾作用与降温 7
3.2、对城市微气候的影响 7
3.3、气候调节的生态效益 7
第4章、银杏在城市生物多样性保护中的作用 9
4.1、为野生动植物提供栖息地 9
4.2、促进城市物种多样性 9
4.3、生态网络构建中的地位 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
