摘要
随着环境问题日益严峻，生态补偿机制作为协调经济发展与生态保护的重要制度安排受到广泛关注。本文旨在探讨环境法中的生态补偿机制及其完善路径，基于文献研究、案例分析和比较研究等方法，深入剖析当前我国生态补偿机制存在的立法体系不完善、补偿标准缺乏科学性、执行监督机制薄弱等问题。通过梳理国内外相关理论与实践经验，提出构建以法律保障为基础、多元主体参与为特色、科学评估体系为核心的生态补偿机制框架。创新点在于强调从系统性视角出发，将生态服务价值量化评估融入补偿标准制定过程，并引入第三方评估机构确保执行公正透明。同时，建议建立跨区域协同治理模式，强化政府主导作用与市场调节功能相结合，推动形成全社会共同参与的生态保护格局，为实现生态文明建设目标提供坚实的法治保障。研究表明，完善的生态补偿机制能够有效促进生态保护与经济发展的良性互动，对推动绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：生态补偿机制；立法完善；科学评估体系；第三方评估；跨区域协同治理
Abstract
As environmental challenges become increasingly severe, the ecological compensation mechanism has garnered significant attention as a crucial institutional arrangement for balancing economic development and ecological protection. This paper aims to explore the ecological compensation mechanism within environmental law and its avenues for improvement. Through methodologies including literature review, case analysis, and comparative studies, this research delves into existing issues in China’s ecological compensation mechanism, such as an incomplete legislative system, lack of scientific basis in compensation standards, and weak enforcement and supervision mechanisms. By examining relevant theories and practical experiences both domestically and internationally, this study proposes a fr amework for constructing an ecological compensation mechanism that is grounded in legal safeguards, characterized by multi-party participation, and centered on a scientific evaluation system. The innovation lies in emphasizing a systemic perspective, integrating the quantification of ecosystem service values into the standard-setting process, and introducing third-party evaluation institutions to ensure fair and transparent implementation. Additionally, it recommends establishing a cross-regional collaborative governance model to strengthen the combination of government leadership and market regulation, promoting a societal pattern of collective participation in ecological protection. This approach provides a solid legal foundation for achieving the goals of ecological civilization construction. The research indicates that a well-established ecological compensation mechanism can effectively facilitate the positive interaction between ecological protection and economic development, playing a vital role in advancing green and sustainable development.
Keywords：Ecological Compensation Mechanism; Legislative Perfection; Scientific Evaluation System; Third-party Assessment; Cross-regional Collaborative Governance
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法与思路 2
二、生态补偿机制的理论基础 2
(一) 生态补偿的基本概念 2
(二) 生态补偿的法理依据 3
(三) 生态补偿的原则与目标 4
三、当前生态补偿机制的实施状况 4
(一) 补偿主体与对象分析 4
(二) 补偿标准与方式探讨 5
(三) 实施效果及存在问题 6
四、完善生态补偿机制的路径探索 7
(一) 法律制度的健全 7
(二)监管体系的优化 7
(三) 公众参与的强化 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
