小麦抗倒伏品种的筛选与评价 -农学专业

摘要

小麦倒伏是影响产量和品质的重要因素，筛选抗倒伏品种对提高小麦生产稳定性具有重要意义。本研究旨在筛选出适宜本地种植的抗倒伏小麦品种并建立科学评价体系，通过田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法，选取15个不同基因型的小麦品种，在典型生态区进行多点试验，系统考察株高、基部节间长度、茎秆强度等关键性状，并结合农艺性状综合评价。结果表明，不同品种间抗倒伏能力差异显著，其中郑麦9023、西农979等品种表现出优良的抗倒伏特性，其茎秆粗壮且韧性好，基部节间短而充实。创新性地建立了基于多性状加权评分的抗倒伏综合评价模型，为抗倒伏育种提供了科学依据和技术支持，该研究不仅丰富了小麦抗倒伏理论基础，也为实际生产中选择优良品种提供了重要参考。

关键词：小麦抗倒伏；品种筛选；综合评价模型；茎秆性状

SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF LODGING RESISTANT WHEAT VARIETIE

ABSTRACT

Lodging is an important factor affecting yield and quality of wheat. It is of great significance to select lodging resistant varieties to improve wheat production stability. The purpose of this study was to screen out the lodging resistant wheat varieties suitable for local planting and establish a scientific evaluation system. Through the combination of field experiment and laboratory analysis, 15 wheat varieties with different genotypes were selected to conduct multi-point experiments in typical ecological areas, systematically investigate the key traits such as plant height, base internode length, stem strength, and so on, and combined with comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits. The results showed that there were significant differences in lodging resistance among different varieties, among which Zhengmai 9023 and Sinong 979 showed excellent lodging resistance characteristics, their stems were thick and strong with good toughness, and the base internodes were short and full. A comprehensive evaluation model of lodging resistance based on multi-trait weighted scores was innovationally established, which provided scientific basis and technical support for lodging resistance breeding. This study not only enriched the theoretical basis of lodging resistance of wheat, but also provided an important reference for selecting excellent varieties in practical production.

KEY WORDS：Wheat lodging resistance; Variety screening; Comprehensive evaluation model; Stem character

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状综述 1

第2章抗倒伏性状的评价指标体系 2

2.1 形态学特征分析 2

2.2 生理生化指标测定 2

2.3 田间表现综合评价 3

第3章抗倒伏品种筛选技术体系 4

3.1 筛选试验设计原则 4