基于需求响应的电力系统负荷优化管理 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

随着能源结构转型和电力市场化改革的推进，电力系统面临供需平衡、可再生能源消纳等挑战。为提高电力系统的灵活性与经济性，本文聚焦基于需求响应的电力系统负荷优化管理问题，旨在通过合理的需求侧管理实现电力资源的有效配置。研究构建了考虑用户舒适度、用电成本及电网运行安全性的多目标优化模型，采用改进粒子群算法求解，以获取最优负荷调度方案。该模型引入分时电价机制和用户参与激励措施，充分调动用户响应积极性。通过对某实际区域电网的数据模拟分析表明，所提方法能够在保障用户满意度的前提下，有效削减高峰负荷约15%，降低系统运营成本约10%，显著提升可再生能源接纳能力。研究结果证明，基于需求响应的负荷优化管理是解决电力系统供需矛盾、促进清洁能源消纳的有效途径，为电力市场环境下实现节能减排、提高电力系统运行效率提供了新的思路和技术支持，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。

关键词：需求响应负荷优化管理多目标优化模型

Abstract

With the advancement of energy structure transformation and electricity market reform, power systems are confronted with challenges such as supply-demand balance and renewable energy accommodation. To enhance the flexibility and economic efficiency of power systems, this study focuses on load optimization management based on demand response, aiming to achieve effective allocation of power resources through rational demand-side management. A multi-ob jective optimization model that considers user comfort, electricity cost, and grid operational safety is constructed, and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to solve for the optimal load scheduling scheme. The model incorporates time-of-use pricing mechanisms and user participation incentive measures to fully mobilize user responsiveness. Simulation analysis using data from an actual regional power grid demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively reduce peak load by approximately 15% and decrease system operating costs by about 10%, while significantly enhancing renewable energy accommodation capacity, all under the premise of ensuring user satisfaction. The research findings indicate that load optimization management based on demand response is an effective approach to addressing supply-demand conflicts in power systems and promoting clean energy accommodation, providing new ideas and technical support for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction and improving power system operational efficiency in the context of electricity markets, which holds significant theoretical and practical value.

Keyword:Demand Response Load Optimization Management Multi-ob jective Optimization Model

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3研究方法概述 2

2需求响应机制分析 2

2.1需求响应基本概念 2

2.2需求响应分类及特点 3

2.3需求响应实施策略 3

3电力系统负荷特性 4

3.1负荷特性描述方法 4

3.2负荷预测技术应用 4