摘 要
随着云计算技术的快速发展，分布式云存储已成为数据管理的重要模式，但其开放性和多节点特性也带来了数据完整性难以保障的问题。为解决传统验证机制依赖可信第三方、效率低及可扩展性差等缺陷，本文探讨了区块链技术在分布式云存储数据完整性验证中的应用。研究旨在构建一种去中心化、高效且安全的数据完整性验证模型。通过结合区块链不可篡改、可追溯的特性与Merkle树结构，设计了一种支持动态更新的验证机制，并引入轻量级智能合约实现验证过程自动化。实验结果表明，该机制在保证高安全性的同时，显著降低了验证延迟和计算开销，提升了系统的可扩展性。本研究的主要创新在于提出了基于区块链的多副本数据完整性协同验证框架，有效解决了现有方案中信任集中化和性能瓶颈问题，为未来分布式云存储系统的设计提供了新的思路和技术支持。
关键词：区块链；分布式云存储；数据完整性验证；Merkle树；智能合约
Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in Data Integrity Verification for Distributed Cloud Storage
Abstract: With the rapid development of cloud computing technology, distributed cloud storage has become an important model for data management. However, its openness and multi-node characteristics also pose challenges to ensuring data integrity. To address the limitations of traditional verification mechanisms—such as reliance on trusted third parties, low efficiency, and poor scalability—this paper explores the application of blockchain technology in data integrity verification for distributed cloud storage. The study aims to construct a decentralized, efficient, and secure data integrity verification model. By integrating the tamper-proof and traceable features of blockchain with the Merkle tree structure, a dynamic update-supporting verification mechanism is designed, and a lightweight smart contract is introduced to automate the verification process. Experimental results demonstrate that this mechanism significantly reduces verification latency and computational overhead while enhancing system scalability, all without compromising security. The main innovation of this research lies in proposing a blockchain-based collaborative verification fr amework for multi-replica data integrity, which effectively addresses the issues of centralized trust and performance bottlenecks in existing solutions, thereby offering new insights and technical support for the design of future distributed cloud storage systems.
Keywords: Blockchain; Distributed Cloud Storage; Data Integrity Verification; Merkle Tree; Smart Contract
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状分析 1
1.3研究方法与技术路线 1
2区块链与分布式云存储的融合机制 1
2.1分布式云存储系统架构概述 2
2.2区块链技术的核心特性分析 2
2.3区块链在数据存储中的应用潜力 2
2.4二者融合的技术挑战与可行性评估 3
3数据完整性验证的传统方法与局限性 3
3.1常见数据完整性验证技术综述 3
3.2传统验证机制在分布式环境中的问题 3
3.3中心化验证模型的安全风险 4
3.4对区块链解决方案的需求分析 4
4区块链支持的数据完整性验证模型设计 4
4.1验证模型的整体架构设计 4
4.2智能合约在验证流程中的作用 5
4.3Merkle树与哈希链的应用机制 5
4.4模型性能与安全性评估指标 5
5实验验证与结果分析 6
5.1实验环境与测试平台搭建 6
5.2关键性能指标的选取与定义 6
5.3不同场景下的验证效率对比 7
5.4安全性与可扩展性实测分析 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
