摘 要
莎士比亚作为文艺复兴时期最具影响力的戏剧家之一，其悲剧作品在世界文学史上占据重要地位，《哈姆雷特》作为其代表作，集中体现了莎士比亚的悲剧艺术精髓。本研究以《哈姆雷特》为切入点，旨在深入探讨莎士比亚悲剧艺术的独特性及其对后世的影响。通过文本细读与比较分析相结合的方法，研究从人物塑造、情节结构、语言表达以及主题思想四个维度展开，揭示莎士比亚如何通过复杂的心理刻画和多层次的情节设计，将个人命运与社会现实紧密交织，从而构建出深刻的人文主义内涵。研究发现，《哈姆雷特》不仅展现了个体在道德困境中的挣扎，还反映了时代背景下普遍存在的哲学命题，如生存与死亡、真实与虚伪等。莎士比亚运用丰富的修辞手法和象征意象，赋予悲剧更强的艺术感染力。本研究的创新点在于突破传统单一视角的解读，将《哈姆雷特》置于更广阔的文化语境中进行考察，进一步凸显其跨时代的普世价值。莎士比亚的悲剧艺术以其深刻的思想性和精湛的艺术性，奠定了现代悲剧美学的基础，并持续启发着后世创作者与研究者。
关键词：莎士比亚悲剧艺术；哈姆雷特；人文主义内涵；道德困境；跨时代价值
Shakespeare's Tragic Art through the Lens of *Hamlet*
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
William Shakespeare, as one of the most influential dramatists of the Renaissance, holds a significant place in the history of world literature for his tragic works, with Hamlet being a quintessential representation of his tragic artistry. This study focuses on Hamlet to explore the uniqueness of Shakespeare's tragic art and its enduring influence on subsequent generations. By employing a combination of close reading and comparative analysis, the research examines four dimensions: character portrayal, plot structure, linguistic ex pression, and thematic ideas, revealing how Shakespeare intricately intertwines individual fate with social reality through complex psychological depictions and multi-layered narrative designs, thereby constructing profound humanistic implications. The study finds that Hamlet not only depicts an individual's struggle within moral dilemmas but also reflects universal philosophical questions of the era, such as existence versus death and authenticity versus deceit. Furthermore, Shakespeare's use of rich rhetorical devices and symbolic imagery enhances the artistic appeal of the tragedy. A notable innovation of this research lies in moving beyond traditional single-perspective interpretations by situating Hamlet within a broader cultural context, thereby highlighting its timeless universal value. Ultimately, it concludes that Shakespeare's tragic art, characterized by its profound intellectual depth and exquisite artistic quality, has laid the foundation for modern tragic aesthetics and continues to inspire creators and scholars alike.
Keywords: Shakespearean Tragedy Art；Hamlet；Humanistic Connotation；Moral Dilemma；Cross-era Value
目 录
引言 1
一、莎士比亚悲剧的艺术特征 2
(一)悲剧主题的深度探讨 2
(二)人物塑造的复杂性分析 2
(三)戏剧冲突的核心作用 3
二、《哈姆雷特》中的悲剧元素 3
(一)命运与自由意志的对抗 3
(二)人性矛盾的深刻揭示 4
(三)生死哲学的戏剧表达 4
三、《哈姆雷特》的语言艺术 5
(一)独白与内心世界的展现 5
(二)对话中的张力与隐喻 6
(三)语言风格的多样性体现 6
四、莎士比亚悲剧的现代意义 6
(一)《哈姆雷特》对当代文化的启示 7
(二)悲剧艺术的普遍性价值 7
(三)跨文化视角下的悲剧解读 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
