摘 要
城市道路交叉口作为交通网络的关键节点，其运行效率直接影响城市整体交通状况。随着城市化进程加快和机动车保有量持续增长，交叉口拥堵问题日益突出，亟需通过科学优化提升通行能力。本研究以城市道路交叉口为对象，围绕交通组织优化与仿真分析展开系统性探讨，旨在缓解交通压力并提高交叉口运行效率。研究采用理论分析与实证研究相结合的方法，首先基于实地调研获取交叉口交通流特性数据，随后运用微观交通仿真软件构建模型，对信号配时、车道功能划分及渠化设计等关键要素进行优化设计。结果表明，优化后的交叉口在高峰时段的平均延误降低约25%，排队长度减少约30%，整体通行能力显著提升。此外，本研究创新性地引入机器学习算法预测交通流量，并结合动态信号控制策略实现自适应优化，有效提升了方案的实用性和适应性。研究表明，科学合理的交通组织优化措施能够显著改善交叉口运行效率，为城市交通管理提供重要参考，同时为智能化交通系统的建设奠定了基础。
关键词：城市道路交叉口；交通组织优化；微观交通仿真；动态信号控制；机器学习算法
ABSTRACT
Urban road intersections, as critical nodes in the transportation network, directly influence the overall urban traffic conditions. With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous increase in motor vehicle ownership, congestion at intersections has become increasingly prominent, necessitating scientific optimization to enhance capacity. This study focuses on urban road intersections, systematically exploring traffic organization optimization and simulation analysis to alleviate traffic pressure and improve operational efficiency. A combination of theoretical analysis and empirical research was employed; field surveys were conducted to obtain data on intersection traffic flow characteristics, followed by the construction of models using microscopic traffic simulation software to optimize key elements such as signal timing, lane function allocation, and channelization design. The results indicate that after optimization, the average delay during peak hours at the intersection decreased by approximately 25%, and queue lengths were reduced by about 30%, significantly enhancing overall capacity. Additionally, this study innovatively introduced machine learning algorithms for traffic flow prediction and combined them with dynamic signal control strategies to achieve adaptive optimization, effectively improving the practicality and adaptability of the solutions. The study demonstrates that scientifically sound traffic organization measures can substantially improve intersection efficiency, providing important references for urban traffic management and laying a foundation for the development of intelligent transportation systems.
Keywords: Urban Road Intersection; Traffic Organization Optimization; Microscopic Traffic Simulation; Dynamic Signal Control; Machine Learning Algorithm
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 城市道路交叉口优化的研究背景与意义 2
1.2 国内外交通组织优化研究现状分析 2
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线设计 3
第2章 城市道路交叉口交通特性分析 4
2.1 交叉口交通流特征数据采集方法 4
2.2 交叉口交通冲突点识别与评估 4
2.3 不同类型交叉口的通行能力分析 5
第3章 城市道路交叉口优化方案设计 6
3.1 信号配时优化的基本原则与方法 6
3.2 几何设计对交叉口通行效率的影响 6
3.3 特殊交通需求下的交叉口组织优化策略 7
第4章 城市道路交叉口仿真分析与评价 8
4.1 仿真模型构建与参数校准方法 8
4.2 优化方案的仿真结果分析与对比 8
4.3 交叉口优化效果的综合评价指标体系 9
结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
