摘要
数字货币的兴起是21世纪金融领域的重要现象，其技术驱动的本质对传统金融体系构成了深远影响。本研究以区块链技术为核心背景，探讨数字货币的发展历程及其对传统金融体系的挑战，旨在揭示数字货币在支付清算、货币发行与监管等方面带来的变革性影响。通过文献分析与案例研究相结合的方法，本文系统梳理了数字货币的技术特征、应用场景及政策响应，并对比分析了不同国家和地区对数字货币的态度与实践。研究表明，数字货币显著提升了交易效率，降低了跨境支付成本，同时为货币政策实施提供了新的工具选择；然而，其去中心化特性也对金融稳定、隐私保护和反洗钱监管提出了严峻考验。本文的主要创新点在于从技术与制度双重维度剖析数字货币的影响机制，并提出构建适应数字货币时代的新型金融监管框架的必要性。研究结论表明，数字货币与传统金融体系并非完全对立，而是可以通过合理设计实现互补与融合，从而推动全球金融体系向更加高效、包容和可持续的方向发展。这一发现为未来数字货币相关政策制定和技术开发提供了重要参考。
关键词：数字货币；区块链技术；金融体系；支付清算；监管框架
Abstract
The rise of digital currencies represents a significant phenomenon in the financial domain of the 21st century, with its technology-driven nature exerting profound impacts on the traditional financial system. This study investigates the development trajectory of digital currencies against the backdrop of blockchain technology and examines their challenges to the conventional financial fr amework, aiming to reveal the transformative influences in areas such as payment settlement, currency issuance, and regulation. By integrating literature analysis with case studies, this paper systematically reviews the technical characteristics, application scenarios, and policy responses of digital currencies while comparing attitudes and practices across different countries and regions. The findings indicate that digital currencies have substantially enhanced transaction efficiency and reduced cross-border payment costs, providing new tools for the implementation of monetary policy. However, their decentralized nature also poses severe challenges to financial stability, privacy protection, and anti-money laundering supervision. A key innovation of this study lies in analyzing the impact mechanisms of digital currencies from both technological and institutional perspectives, emphasizing the necessity of constructing a novel financial regulatory fr amework adapted to the era of digital currencies. The conclusion suggests that digital currencies and the traditional financial system are not entirely antagonistic but can achieve complementarity and integration through proper design, thereby promoting the global financial system toward greater efficiency, inclusiveness, and sustainability. This insight provides critical implications for the formulation of future policies and technological advancements related to digital currencies.
Keywords：Digital Currency; Blockchain Technology; Financial System; Payment And Settlement; Regulatory fr amework
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 数字货币兴起的背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、数字货币的技术基础与发展历程 2
(一) 区块链技术的核心作用 2
(二) 数字货币的历史演进 3
(三) 主流数字货币的特征比较 3
三、数字货币对传统金融体系的影响 4
(一) 支付清算系统的变革挑战 4
(二) 货币政策实施的潜在影响 5
(三) 金融机构角色的重新定义 5
四、数字货币带来的机遇与风险 6
(一) 金融创新的推动作用 6
(二) 监管框架的适应性调整 6
(三) 安全与隐私保护的难题 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
