摘 要
随着可持续发展理念的深入和资源环境压力的加剧，逆向物流作为实现循环经济的重要手段，受到学术界与产业界的广泛关注。本研究聚焦于逆向物流中的回收渠道选择问题，旨在构建一种科学、高效的评估模型以优化回收效率。通过综合考虑经济性、环境影响及操作可行性等因素，本文提出了一种基于多属性决策理论的回收渠道效率评估模型，并引入模糊层次分析法（FAHP）和数据包络分析（DEA）相结合的方法论框架。该框架能够有效应对实际场景中数据不确定性与多目标权衡的复杂性。研究选取了某电子废弃物回收企业为案例，对其现有回收渠道进行系统分析与效率评价，结果表明所提模型能够准确识别低效渠道并提供改进方向。此外，本研究创新性地将绿色绩效指标纳入评估体系，从而更全面地反映回收渠道的综合效益。最终得出结论：通过合理选择和优化回收渠道，企业不仅能够降低运营成本，还能显著提升资源回收率与环境友好性。本研究的主要贡献在于填补了现有文献中关于复杂环境下回收渠道效率评估方法的空白，并为企业实践提供了可操作性强的决策支持工具，对推动逆向物流领域的理论发展与实际应用具有重要意义。
关键词：逆向物流；回收渠道效率；多属性决策；模糊层次分析法；数据包络分析
Channel Selection and Efficiency Evaluation Model in Reverse Logistics
Abstract: With the deepening of sustainable development and the increasing pressure on resources and the environment, reverse logistics, as an essential means to achieve a circular economy, has received extensive attention from both academia and industry. This study focuses on the issue of回收 channel selection in reverse logistics, aiming to construct a scientific and efficient evaluation model to optimize recovery efficiency. By comprehensively considering factors such as economic viability, environmental impact, and operational feasibility, this paper proposes a recycling channel efficiency evaluation model based on multi-attribute decision-making theory, incorporating a methodological fr amework that combines Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This fr amework effectively addresses the complexity of data uncertainty and multi-ob jective trade-offs in real-world scenarios. A case study of an electronic waste recycling company is selected to systematically analyze and evaluate its existing recycling channels, and the results indicate that the proposed model can accurately identify inefficient channels and provide directions for improvement. Additionally, this research innovatively integrates green performance indicators into the evaluation system, thereby more comprehensively reflecting the overall benefits of recycling channels. The conclusion drawn is that through rational selection and optimization of recycling channels, enterprises can not only reduce operating costs but also significantly improve resource recovery rates and environmental friendliness. The primary contribution of this study lies in filling the gap in existing literature regarding methods for evaluating recycling channel efficiency in complex environments, while providing a highly operational decision-support tool for business practice, which holds significant implications for advancing both theoretical development and practical applications in the field of reverse logistics.
Keywords: Reverse Logistics; Recycling Channel Efficiency; Multi-Attribute Decision Making; Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process; Data Envelopment Analysis
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）逆向物流与回收渠道选择的研究背景 1
（二）回收渠道选择与效率评估的意义分析 1
（三）国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
（四）研究方法与技术路线设计 2
二、回收渠道选择的理论基础与框架构建 2
（一）逆向物流中的回收渠道分类与特点 2
（二）回收渠道选择的影响因素分析 3
（三）基于多目标决策的渠道选择模型构建 3
（四）数据驱动的回收渠道优化方法探讨 4
（五）理论框架在实际应用中的可行性验证 4
三、效率评估模型的设计与实现 4
（一）逆向物流效率评估的关键指标体系 5
（二）基于数据包络分析的效率评估模型 5
（三）动态效率评估方法的研究与改进 6
（四）模型参数设定与数据处理方法 6
（五）实证案例分析与结果讨论 7
四、渠道选择与效率评估的综合应用研究 7
（一）回收渠道选择与效率评估的耦合关系 7
（二）不同场景下的模型适用性分析 7
（三）基于模拟实验的优化策略验证 8
（四）政策支持对模型实施的影响研究 8
（五）研究局限与未来发展方向 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
