摘 要
中国现代散文作为20世纪文学的重要组成部分，其流派与风格演变反映了社会文化变迁对文学创作的深刻影响。本研究以中国现代散文的发展历程为背景，探讨其在不同历史阶段中形成的流派特征及其风格演变规律。通过梳理五四新文化运动以来的散文创作实践，结合文本分析与历史语境考察，采用比较文学和文化批评的研究方法，揭示了抒情、叙事与哲理三大主要流派的形成过程及其相互关系。研究发现，中国现代散文在继承传统的同时，受到西方文学思潮的冲击与融合，逐步形成了个性化、多样化的发展趋势。特别是在抗战时期与新中国成立后，散文风格从个体情感表达转向集体意识塑造，展现了鲜明的时代特征。本研究创新性地提出了“跨文体互动”理论框架，用以解释散文与其他文学体裁之间的互文性影响，并首次系统归纳了现代散文风格演变的四个关键阶段。这一成果不仅深化了对中国现代散文艺术特质的理解，也为当代散文创作提供了重要的理论参考。
关键词：中国现代散文；流派特征；风格演变；跨文体互动；时代特征
Abstract
Chinese modern prose, as an essential component of 20th-century literature, reflects the profound impact of sociocultural transformations on literary creation through its evolving schools and stylistic characteristics. This study examines the developmental trajectory of Chinese modern prose, focusing on the defining features of its schools and the patterns of stylistic evolution across different historical periods. By tracing the essayistic practices since the May Fourth New Culture Movement and integrating textual analysis with historical contextualization, the research employs comparative literature and cultural criticism methodologies to elucidate the formation and interrelations of the three major schools: lyricism, narration, and philosophy. The findings indicate that Chinese modern prose, while inheriting traditional elements, underwent a process of personalization and diversification under the influence of Western literary trends. Notably, during the War of Resistance and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the style of prose shifted from individual emotional ex pression to the construction of collective consciousness, demonstrating distinct era-specific traits. This study innovatively proposes a theoretical fr amework of "cross-genre interaction" to interpret the intertextual influences between prose and other literary genres and systematically summarizes four critical stages in the stylistic evolution of modern prose for the first time. These contributions not only enhance the understanding of the artistic qualities of Chinese modern prose but also provide significant theoretical guidance for contemporary prose creation.
Keywords：Chinese Modern Prose；School Characteristics；Style Evolution；Cross-Genre Interaction；Era Features
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 中国现代散文的流派起源与形成 2
1.1 现代散文的历史背景分析 2
1.2 初期散文流派的特征归纳 2
1.3 流派形成的内外部动因 3
第二章 散文风格的演变与文化语境 4
2.1 风格演变的主要阶段划分 4
2.2 社会变迁对散文风格的影响 4
2.3 文化语境中的风格多样性 5
第三章 主要散文流派的艺术特色与代表作家 6
3.1 抒情散文流派的艺术表现 6
3.2 议论散文流派的思想深度 6
3.3 叙事散文流派的叙事技巧 7
第四章 当代视角下的散文流派与风格再审视 8
4.1 流派与风格的传承与创新 8
4.2 现代散文在全球化中的定位 8
4.3 散文研究的新方法与新视角 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
