摘 要
中西文学中的悲剧精神作为人类文明的重要组成部分，承载着不同文化背景下对人性、命运和社会的深刻思考。本研究旨在通过对中西方经典悲剧作品的系统比较，揭示两种文化语境下悲剧精神的本质差异与共通之处。研究以古希腊悲剧、莎士比亚戏剧与中国古典戏曲为主要文本依据，运用跨文化比较研究方法，结合哲学、美学等多学科视角，深入探讨悲剧精神在不同文化背景下的表现形式、价值取向及审美特征。研究发现，西方悲剧更强调个体与命运的抗争，凸显人的主体性；而中国悲剧则注重伦理道德的表达，体现“天人合一”的哲学思想。两者在悲剧结局上也存在明显差异：西方悲剧往往以主人公毁灭告终，彰显悲剧力量；中国悲剧则倾向于团圆或留有希望，蕴含着独特的东方智慧。本研究创新性地构建了中西悲剧精神的比较框架，首次系统梳理了两种文化传统下悲剧精神的发展脉络，为深化中西文化交流提供了新的理论视角，也为当代文艺创作提供了有益借鉴。
关键词：悲剧精神；中西比较；伦理道德；主体性；审美特征
Abstract
The tragic spirit in both Chinese and Western literature, as an essential component of human civilization, embodies profound reflections on humanity, fate, and society under different cultural contexts. This study aims to reveal the fundamental differences and commonalities of the tragic spirit in these two cultural paradigms through a systematic comparison of classic tragic works from China and the West. Drawing primarily on ancient Greek tragedies, Shakespearean dramas, and traditional Chinese operas, the research employs a cross-cultural comparative methodology, integrating multidisciplinary perspectives such as philosophy and aesthetics, to explore the manifestations, value orientations, and aesthetic characteristics of the tragic spirit across distinct cultural backgrounds. The findings indicate that Western tragedies tend to emphasize the struggle between the individual and fate, highlighting human subjectivity, whereas Chinese tragedies focus more on the ex pression of ethical and moral values, reflecting the philosophical concept of "harmony between heaven and humanity." Notably, there are also evident distinctions in tragic conclusions: Western tragedies frequently culminate in the protagonist's destruction, underscoring the power of tragedy, while Chinese tragedies often conclude with reconciliation or a sense of hope, embodying unique Eastern wisdom. This study innovatively constructs a comparative fr amework for the tragic spirit in Chinese and Western traditions, systematically tracing its developmental trajectories within both cultural contexts, thereby providing new theoretical insights for enhancing Sino-Western cultural exchanges and offering valuable references for contemporary artistic creation.
Keywords：Tragedy Spirit；East-West Comparison；Ethics And Morality；Subjectivity；Aesthetic Characteristics
目 录
第一章 引言 1
第二章 悲剧精神的文化根源比较 2
2.1 中西方文化传统中的悲剧观念 2
2.2 儒道思想对悲剧精神的影响分析 2
2.3 希腊哲学与基督教对悲剧精神的塑造 3
2.4 文化差异下的悲剧精神表现形式 4
第三章 悲剧作品的艺术特征对比 5
3.1 中西悲剧作品的主题选择差异 5
3.2 悲剧人物形象的塑造与命运观表达 5
3.3 叙事结构与悲剧效果的实现方式 6
3.4 语言风格在悲剧情感传达中的作用 7
第四章 现代视角下的悲剧精神传承与发展 8
4.1 现代语境下悲剧精神的延续性探讨 8
4.2 中西文学对传统悲剧精神的现代转化 8
4.3 全球化背景下悲剧精神的跨文化传播 9
4.4 悲剧精神对未来文学创作的启示意义 9
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
