摘 要
随着信息技术的迅猛发展，数据安全问题日益凸显，传统数据存储方式面临诸多挑战，如数据篡改、隐私泄露等。基于区块链技术的数据安全存储方案旨在构建一种去中心化、不可篡改且高度安全的数据存储架构。本研究聚焦于区块链技术的核心特性，包括分布式账本、加密算法和共识机制，提出了一种融合智能合约与多层加密技术的创新性数据存储模型。该方案通过引入链上链下协同存储机制，实现了数据的高效存取与完整性验证；同时利用零知识证明技术确保用户隐私保护。实验结果表明，在不同规模数据集测试环境下，所提方案不仅具备良好的性能表现，而且在数据完整性和安全性方面较现有方法有显著提升。特别是在面对恶意攻击时，系统能够有效抵御伪造交易和数据篡改行为，保证了数据的真实性和可靠性。本研究的主要贡献在于首次将零知识证明与区块链技术深度融合应用于数据存储领域，为解决当前数据安全存储难题提供了新的思路和技术路径，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
关键词：区块链技术；数据安全存储；零知识证明；智能合约；多层加密技术
Abstract
With the rapid development of information technology, data security issues have become increasingly prominent, posing significant challenges to traditional data storage methods such as data tampering and privacy breaches. This study focuses on developing a blockchain-based data security storage solution that aims to construct a decentralized, immutable, and highly secure data storage architecture. By leveraging the core characteristics of blockchain technology, including distributed ledgers, cryptographic algorithms, and consensus mechanisms, this research proposes an innovative data storage model that integrates smart contracts and multi-layer encryption technologies. The proposed scheme enhances data access efficiency and integrity verification through an on-chain and off-chain collaborative storage mechanism, while ensuring user privacy protection using zero-knowledge proof technology. Experimental results demonstrate that under various dataset scales, the proposed method not only exhibits excellent performance but also achieves substantial improvements in data integrity and security compared to existing approaches. Specifically, in the presence of malicious attacks, the system effectively resists forged transactions and data tampering, ensuring data authenticity and reliability. The primary contribution of this research lies in its pioneering integration of zero-knowledge proofs with blockchain technology for data storage, offering new theoretical insights and practical solutions to current data security storage challenges.
Keywords：Blockchain Technology；Data Security Storage；Zero-Knowledge Proof；Smart Contract；Multi-Layer Encryption Technology
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 区块链技术基础与应用 2
1.1 区块链技术原理概述 2
1.2 区块链在数据存储中的优势 2
1.3 区块链技术面临的挑战 3
第二章 数据安全存储需求分析 5
2.1 数据存储的安全性要求 5
2.2 传统数据存储方案的局限 5
2.3 基于区块链的改进方向 6
第三章 区块链数据安全存储架构设计 7
3.1 存储架构总体设计 7
3.2 数据加密与隐私保护 7
3.3 智能合约的应用场景 8
第四章 方案实施与性能评估 10
4.1 技术实现路径选择 10
4.2 安全性验证与优化 11
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
