基于生物防治的害虫综合治理技术研究
摘 要
随着现代农业的发展，化学防治带来的环境问题日益严重，生物防治成为害虫综合治理的重要方向。本研究旨在探索基于生物防治的害虫综合治理技术，以减少化学农药依赖并构建可持续农业生态系统。通过系统分析不同生态区域的主要害虫种类及其发生规律，筛选出具有高效防治效果的天敌昆虫、微生物制剂及植物源农药等生物防治手段。采用田间试验与实验室研究相结合的方法，对多种生物防治措施进行综合评价，重点考察其防治效果、安全性及生态适应性。研究结果表明，利用赤眼蜂、白僵菌和印楝素等生物防治因子组合应用，可有效控制棉铃虫、小菜蛾等主要农业害虫，防治效果达80%以上，且对非靶标生物安全友好。该研究创新性地提出了“多因子协同防控”的理念，突破了单一生物防治手段效果不稳定的技术瓶颈，为建立科学合理的害虫综合治理体系提供了理论依据和技术支持，对推动绿色农业发展具有重要意义。
关键词：生物防治；害虫综合治理；赤眼蜂
RESEARCH ON COMPREHENSIVE PEST CONTROL TECHNOLOGY BASED ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
ABSTRACT
With the development of modern agriculture, the environmental problems brought by chemical control are increasingly serious, and biological control has become an important direction of comprehensive pest control. This study aimed to explore integrated pest control techniques based on biological control to reduce chemical pesticide dependence and build sustainable agroecosystems. Through the systematic analysis of the main pest species and their occurrence rules in different ecological regions, the biological control means such as natural enemy insects, microbial agents and plant source pesticides were selected. The combination of field experiment and laboratory research was used to comprehensively evaluate various biological control measures, focusing on their control effect, safety and ecological adaptability. The results show that the combined application of biological control factors such as erygramatis, basia and azadirachtin can effectively control major agricultural pests such as cotton bollworm and xyxylostella, with the control effect of more than 80%, and the non-target biosafety friendly. This research innovatively put forward the concept of "multi-factor coordinated prevention and control", broke through the technical bottleneck of the unstable effect of a single biological control means, and provided theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of a scientific and reasonable comprehensive pest control system, which is of great significance to promote the development of green agriculture.
KEY WORDS：Biological control; integrated pest control; Trichogramma
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 生物防治的理论基础 2
2.1 生物防治的概念与原理 2
2.2 主要生物防治手段综述 2
2.3 生物防治的优势与局限 3
第3章 害虫综合治理技术体系 4
3.1 生态系统中的害虫管理 4
3.2 多元化综合防治策略 4
3.3 技术集成与应用模式 5
第4章 生物防治关键技术研究 6
4.1 天敌昆虫的应用研究 6
4.2 生物农药的研发进展 6
4.3 基因工程在生物防治中的应用 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
随着现代农业的发展，化学防治带来的环境问题日益严重，生物防治成为害虫综合治理的重要方向。本研究旨在探索基于生物防治的害虫综合治理技术，以减少化学农药依赖并构建可持续农业生态系统。通过系统分析不同生态区域的主要害虫种类及其发生规律，筛选出具有高效防治效果的天敌昆虫、微生物制剂及植物源农药等生物防治手段。采用田间试验与实验室研究相结合的方法，对多种生物防治措施进行综合评价，重点考察其防治效果、安全性及生态适应性。研究结果表明，利用赤眼蜂、白僵菌和印楝素等生物防治因子组合应用，可有效控制棉铃虫、小菜蛾等主要农业害虫，防治效果达80%以上，且对非靶标生物安全友好。该研究创新性地提出了“多因子协同防控”的理念，突破了单一生物防治手段效果不稳定的技术瓶颈，为建立科学合理的害虫综合治理体系提供了理论依据和技术支持，对推动绿色农业发展具有重要意义。
关键词：生物防治；害虫综合治理；赤眼蜂
RESEARCH ON COMPREHENSIVE PEST CONTROL TECHNOLOGY BASED ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
ABSTRACT
With the development of modern agriculture, the environmental problems brought by chemical control are increasingly serious, and biological control has become an important direction of comprehensive pest control. This study aimed to explore integrated pest control techniques based on biological control to reduce chemical pesticide dependence and build sustainable agroecosystems. Through the systematic analysis of the main pest species and their occurrence rules in different ecological regions, the biological control means such as natural enemy insects, microbial agents and plant source pesticides were selected. The combination of field experiment and laboratory research was used to comprehensively evaluate various biological control measures, focusing on their control effect, safety and ecological adaptability. The results show that the combined application of biological control factors such as erygramatis, basia and azadirachtin can effectively control major agricultural pests such as cotton bollworm and xyxylostella, with the control effect of more than 80%, and the non-target biosafety friendly. This research innovatively put forward the concept of "multi-factor coordinated prevention and control", broke through the technical bottleneck of the unstable effect of a single biological control means, and provided theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of a scientific and reasonable comprehensive pest control system, which is of great significance to promote the development of green agriculture.
KEY WORDS：Biological control; integrated pest control; Trichogramma
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 生物防治的理论基础 2
2.1 生物防治的概念与原理 2
2.2 主要生物防治手段综述 2
2.3 生物防治的优势与局限 3
第3章 害虫综合治理技术体系 4
3.1 生态系统中的害虫管理 4
3.2 多元化综合防治策略 4
3.3 技术集成与应用模式 5
第4章 生物防治关键技术研究 6
4.1 天敌昆虫的应用研究 6
4.2 生物农药的研发进展 6
4.3 基因工程在生物防治中的应用 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
