摘 要
汤显祖与莎士比亚分别是中西方戏剧史上的璀璨明珠，其作品蕴含着丰富的爱情观。研究背景在于二者处于相近的历史时期，却因文化差异展现出截然不同的爱情观念，这为比较研究提供了广阔空间。本研究旨在深入剖析汤显祖与莎士比亚戏剧作品中的爱情观，通过文本细读、对比分析的方法，从爱情的起源、发展、结局以及背后的文化内涵等多方面进行探讨。研究发现，汤显祖笔下的爱情往往源于才子佳人的相遇相知，受儒家思想影响，强调门当户对、父母之命媒妁之言，爱情的发展充满曲折且多以大团圆结局，体现对美好生活的向往；莎士比亚的爱情则更多是男女之间灵魂的吸引，受人文主义思想影响，爱情具有强烈的自主性，结局有悲有喜，展现人性的真实复杂。创新点在于将两位剧作家置于同一维度下比较，挖掘出中西方文化背景下爱情观的本质区别，主要贡献是加深了对中西方戏剧爱情观的理解，为跨文化交流提供新的视角。
关键词：汤显祖；莎士比亚；爱情观；文化差异；戏剧比较研究
A Comparative Study of Love Perspectives in the Dramatic Works of Tang Xianzu and Shakespeare
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare are luminous figures in the history of drama in the East and West, respectively, and their works embody rich conceptions of love. This study is situated in the context of these two playwrights operating in historically proximate periods yet manifesting distinctly different notions of love due to cultural disparities, providing ample space for comparative research. The aim of this research is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the love perspectives presented in the dramatic works of Tang Xianzu and Shakespeare through close reading and comparative analysis, exploring various aspects including the origin, development, conclusion, and underlying cultural connotations of love. It has been found that love in Tang Xianzu’s writings often originates from the meeting and mutual understanding between talented scholars and beautiful ladies, influenced by Confucian thought, emphasizing compatibility in social status and parental arrangement with the intervention of matchmakers. The development of love is full of twists and turns and mostly concludes in a happy reunion, reflecting an aspiration for a better life; whereas Shakespearean love tends to be more about the soulful attraction between men and women, influenced by humanist thought, characterized by strong autonomy, with endings ranging from tragedy to comedy, revealing the true complexity of human nature. The innovation lies in comparing these two dramatists within the same fr amework, uncovering the essential differences in love perspectives under Chinese and Western cultural backgrounds. The main contribution of this study is to deepen the understanding of love perspectives in Chinese and Western drama, offering a new perspective for cross-cultural communication.
Keywords: Tang Xianzu；Shakespeare；Love Perspective；Cultural Differences；Drama Comparative Study
目 录
引言 1
一、爱情观的哲学基础比较 1
(一)东西方哲学传统的影响 1
(二)汤显祖的爱情理想主义 2
(三)莎士比亚的爱情现实主义 2
二、爱情与社会阶层的关系 2
(一)社会等级对爱情的限制 2
(二)突破阶层的爱情表达 3
(三)爱情中的权力关系 4
三、爱情的表现形式对比 4
(一)直接与含蓄的情感表达 4
(二)理想化与世俗化的爱情 5
(三)爱情中的悲剧元素 5
四、爱情观对人物塑造的影响 6
(一)爱情推动的人物成长 6
(二)性格与爱情的相互作用 7
(三)爱情结局对人物命运 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
