摘 要
生物转化法作为一种绿色化学手段在药物合成中展现出独特优势，传统化学合成方法存在环境污染严重、原子经济性差等问题，而生物转化法利用生物催化剂如酶或微生物细胞进行反应，具有条件温和、选择性高、副产物少等优点。本研究旨在系统评价生物转化法在药物合成中的绿色化学性能，通过构建包含环境影响、资源消耗、经济效益等多维度的评价体系，选取典型药物为研究对象，采用实验与理论模拟相结合的方法，从反应路径设计、催化效率优化、产物分离纯化等方面展开深入探讨。结果表明，生物转化法在降低能耗、减少废弃物排放方面效果显著，部分关键指标优于传统化学合成方法，特别是在手性药物合成中表现出优异的选择性，实现了高效、绿色的合成目标。创新点在于首次将生命周期评价理念引入生物转化过程评估，建立了全面系统的评价模型，为推动绿色制药技术发展提供了科学依据和实践指导，主要贡献是为药物合成领域提供了一种全新的绿色化学解决方案，有助于实现可持续发展目标。
关键词：生物转化法 绿色化学 药物合成
Abstract
Biotransformation, as a green chemical approach, demonstrates unique advantages in pharmaceutical synthesis. Traditional chemical synthesis methods are associated with severe environmental pollution and poor atom economy, whereas biotransformation utilizes biological catalysts such as enzymes or microbial cells, offering benefits of mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, and minimal by-products. This study aims to systematically evaluate the green chemistry performance of biotransformation in drug synthesis by constructing a multidimensional assessment system encompassing environmental impact, resource consumption, and economic efficiency. Selecting typical drugs as research subjects, this investigation employs a combination of experimental and theoretical simulation methods to delve into reaction pathway design, catalytic efficiency optimization, and product separation purification. The results indicate that biotransformation significantly reduces energy consumption and waste emissions, outperforming traditional chemical synthesis methods in several key indicators, particularly exhibiting superior selectivity in chiral drug synthesis, thereby achieving efficient and green synthesis ob jectives. An innovation lies in the first introduction of life cycle assessment concepts into the evaluation of biotransformation processes, establishing a comprehensive and systematic evaluation model. This provides scientific evidence and practical guidance for advancing green pharmaceutical technology, contributing a novel green chemistry solution to the field of drug synthesis and promoting sustainable development goals.
Keyword:Biological Transformation Green Chemistry Drug Synthesis
目 录
引言 1
1生物转化法的绿色化学原理 1
1.1绿色化学的基本原则 1
1.2生物转化反应机制 2
1.3环境友好型催化剂应用 2
2生物转化法在药物合成中的优势 3
2.1提高合成效率分析 3
2.2减少有害副产物生成 3
2.3降低能源消耗评价 4
3生物转化法的安全性与可控性评估 4
3.1反应条件温和性探讨 4
3.2生物催化剂稳定性研究 5
3.3安全风险防控措施 5
4生物转化法的经济与环境效益 6
4.1成本效益综合分析 6
4.2废物减排效果评估 6
4.3可持续发展贡献度 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
