摘 要：幼儿期是社交能力发展的重要阶段，同伴关系的建立对幼儿的社会性发展具有深远影响。本研究聚焦于3 - 6岁幼儿同伴关系建立与社交技能培养，旨在探索有效的教育干预策略。通过文献分析、问卷调查和案例研究相结合的方法，选取某市5所幼儿园共420名幼儿作为研究对象，深入探讨了幼儿同伴交往的特点及影响因素。研究发现，积极的同伴关系有助于提升幼儿的自信心、合作能力和情绪管理能力；而社交技能的缺乏则容易导致幼儿出现孤独感和行为问题。本研究创新性地提出了“情境 - 体验式”社交技能训练模式，强调在真实生活场景中引导幼儿进行角色扮演和社会实践，为幼儿提供丰富的社交机会。该模式不仅能够有效促进幼儿社交技能的发展，还为幼儿园教师提供了可操作性强的教学指导方案，丰富了幼儿社会性教育理论体系，为学前教育领域提供了新的研究视角。
关键词：同伴关系；社交技能培养；情境-体验式训练
Abstract：Early childhood is a critical period for the development of social skills, and the establishment of peer relationships significantly influences children's social development. This study focuses on the formation of peer relationships and the cultivation of social skills among children aged 3 to 6 years, aiming to explore effective educational intervention strategies. By integrating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies, this research selected 420 children from five kindergartens in a city to thoroughly examine the characteristics and influencing factors of peer interactions in early childhood. The findings indicate that positive peer relationships contribute to enhancing children's self-confidence, cooperative abilities, and emotional management skills, whereas a lack of social skills can lead to loneliness and behavioral problems. Innovatively, this study proposes a "context-experiential" social skills training model, emphasizing role-playing and social practice in real-life scenarios to provide children with abundant social opportunities. This model not only effectively promotes the development of children's social skills but also offers kindergarten teachers a practical teaching guidance fr amework, thereby enriching the theoretical system of early childhood social education and providing a new perspective for research in the field of preschool education.
引言 1
一、幼儿同伴关系的理论基础 1
(一)同伴关系的概念界定 1
(二)同伴关系的发展阶段 2
(三)理论研究对实践的指导意义 2
二、幼儿社交技能的影响因素 3
(一)家庭环境对社交技能的影响 3
(二)教育机构的角色与作用 4
(三)社会文化背景的影响分析 4
三、同伴关系建立的关键要素 5
(一)情感连接的形成机制 5
(二)互动模式的建立过程 5
(三)冲突解决与合作能力 6
四、社交技能培养的具体策略 7
(一)家庭教育中的引导方法 7
(二)幼儿园课程的设计思路 7
(三)社区资源的有效利用 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
关键词：同伴关系；社交技能培养；情境-体验式训练
Abstract：Early childhood is a critical period for the development of social skills, and the establishment of peer relationships significantly influences children's social development. This study focuses on the formation of peer relationships and the cultivation of social skills among children aged 3 to 6 years, aiming to explore effective educational intervention strategies. By integrating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies, this research selected 420 children from five kindergartens in a city to thoroughly examine the characteristics and influencing factors of peer interactions in early childhood. The findings indicate that positive peer relationships contribute to enhancing children's self-confidence, cooperative abilities, and emotional management skills, whereas a lack of social skills can lead to loneliness and behavioral problems. Innovatively, this study proposes a "context-experiential" social skills training model, emphasizing role-playing and social practice in real-life scenarios to provide children with abundant social opportunities. This model not only effectively promotes the development of children's social skills but also offers kindergarten teachers a practical teaching guidance fr amework, thereby enriching the theoretical system of early childhood social education and providing a new perspective for research in the field of preschool education.
Keywords: Peer Relationships；Social Skills Development；Situational-Experiential Training
引言 1
一、幼儿同伴关系的理论基础 1
(一)同伴关系的概念界定 1
(二)同伴关系的发展阶段 2
(三)理论研究对实践的指导意义 2
二、幼儿社交技能的影响因素 3
(一)家庭环境对社交技能的影响 3
(二)教育机构的角色与作用 4
(三)社会文化背景的影响分析 4
三、同伴关系建立的关键要素 5
(一)情感连接的形成机制 5
(二)互动模式的建立过程 5
(三)冲突解决与合作能力 6
四、社交技能培养的具体策略 7
(一)家庭教育中的引导方法 7
(二)幼儿园课程的设计思路 7
(三)社区资源的有效利用 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
