高效渗透汽化膜的制备及其在乙醇分离中的应用
摘 要
高效渗透汽化膜在乙醇分离领域具有重要应用前景，传统分离方法如精馏存在能耗高、效率低等问题，而渗透汽化膜分离技术以其低能耗、环境友好等优势成为研究热点。本研究旨在制备高效渗透汽化膜并探索其在乙醇分离中的应用，采用相转化法制备聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合膜，通过改变成膜液配方和工艺参数优化膜结构与性能。利用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等对膜的微观结构和化学组成进行表征，结果显示所制备的膜具有致密的选择层和多孔支撑层，且PDMS分子链段有序排列。将制备的膜应用于乙醇水溶液分离实验，在不同操作条件下考察其分离性能，结果表明该膜对乙醇具有较高的渗透通量和选择性，当进料浓度为90wt%时，乙醇渗透通量可达1.2kg·m^-2·h^-1，分离因子高达850。
关键词：渗透汽化膜 乙醇分离 聚二甲基硅氧烷复合膜
Abstract
High efficiency permeable vaporization membrane has important application prospects in the field of ethanol separation. Traditional separation methods such as distillation have problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency, and the separation technology has become a research hotspot with its advantages of low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. The purpose of this study was to prepare highly efficient permeable vaporization membrane and explore its application in ethanol separation, prepare polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membrane by phase conversion method, and optimize the membrane structure and performance by changing the film-forming liquid formulation and process parameters. The microstructure and chemical composition of the membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and the results showed that the prepared membrane has a dense selective layer and a porous support layer, and orderly PDMS molecular chain segments. The prepared membrane was applied to the aqueous ethanol separation experiment, and the separation performance was investigated under different operating conditions. The results showed that the membrane had high penetration flux and selectivity for ethanol. When the feeding concentration was 90 wt%, the ethanol penetration flux could reach 1.2 kgm ^ -2 h ^ -1, and the separation factor was up to 850.
Keyword:Pervaporation Membrane Ethanol Separation Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Membrane
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1高效渗透汽化膜研究背景与意义 1
1.2乙醇分离领域的研究现状综述 1
1.3本文的研究方法与技术路线 2
2渗透汽化膜材料选择与制备 2
2.1膜材料的性能要求分析 2
2.2典型膜材料的筛选与评价 3
2.3渗透汽化膜的制备工艺优化 3
2.4材料表征与性能测试方法 4
3渗透汽化膜在乙醇分离中的应用 4
3.1乙醇水溶液体系特性分析 4
3.2分离过程的操作条件优化 5
3.3温度对分离效果的影响研究 5
3.4浓度对分离效率的影响探讨 6
4渗透汽化膜性能提升策略 6
4.1膜表面改性技术的应用 6
4.2复合膜结构设计与优化 7
4.3新型功能材料的引入探索 7
4.4性能提升的效果评估分析 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
摘 要
高效渗透汽化膜在乙醇分离领域具有重要应用前景，传统分离方法如精馏存在能耗高、效率低等问题，而渗透汽化膜分离技术以其低能耗、环境友好等优势成为研究热点。本研究旨在制备高效渗透汽化膜并探索其在乙醇分离中的应用，采用相转化法制备聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合膜，通过改变成膜液配方和工艺参数优化膜结构与性能。利用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等对膜的微观结构和化学组成进行表征，结果显示所制备的膜具有致密的选择层和多孔支撑层，且PDMS分子链段有序排列。将制备的膜应用于乙醇水溶液分离实验，在不同操作条件下考察其分离性能，结果表明该膜对乙醇具有较高的渗透通量和选择性，当进料浓度为90wt%时，乙醇渗透通量可达1.2kg·m^-2·h^-1，分离因子高达850。
关键词：渗透汽化膜 乙醇分离 聚二甲基硅氧烷复合膜
Abstract
High efficiency permeable vaporization membrane has important application prospects in the field of ethanol separation. Traditional separation methods such as distillation have problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency, and the separation technology has become a research hotspot with its advantages of low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. The purpose of this study was to prepare highly efficient permeable vaporization membrane and explore its application in ethanol separation, prepare polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membrane by phase conversion method, and optimize the membrane structure and performance by changing the film-forming liquid formulation and process parameters. The microstructure and chemical composition of the membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and the results showed that the prepared membrane has a dense selective layer and a porous support layer, and orderly PDMS molecular chain segments. The prepared membrane was applied to the aqueous ethanol separation experiment, and the separation performance was investigated under different operating conditions. The results showed that the membrane had high penetration flux and selectivity for ethanol. When the feeding concentration was 90 wt%, the ethanol penetration flux could reach 1.2 kgm ^ -2 h ^ -1, and the separation factor was up to 850.
Keyword:Pervaporation Membrane Ethanol Separation Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Membrane
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1高效渗透汽化膜研究背景与意义 1
1.2乙醇分离领域的研究现状综述 1
1.3本文的研究方法与技术路线 2
2渗透汽化膜材料选择与制备 2
2.1膜材料的性能要求分析 2
2.2典型膜材料的筛选与评价 3
2.3渗透汽化膜的制备工艺优化 3
2.4材料表征与性能测试方法 4
3渗透汽化膜在乙醇分离中的应用 4
3.1乙醇水溶液体系特性分析 4
3.2分离过程的操作条件优化 5
3.3温度对分离效果的影响研究 5
3.4浓度对分离效率的影响探讨 6
4渗透汽化膜性能提升策略 6
4.1膜表面改性技术的应用 6
4.2复合膜结构设计与优化 7
4.3新型功能材料的引入探索 7
4.4性能提升的效果评估分析 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
