摘 要
存在主义文学作品中的荒谬感是20世纪西方哲学与文学的重要主题，通过对加缪、萨特等代表作家的文本分析，探讨了个体在现代社会中面临的生存困境。本研究旨在揭示存在主义作品中荒谬感的表现形式及其哲学内涵，采用文本细读与比较研究相结合的方法，深入剖析荒谬感产生的社会历史背景及心理根源。研究发现，荒谬感不仅是对现实世界的批判性反思，更是对人类存在本质的深刻追问。通过对《局外人》《恶心》等经典作品的解读，揭示了荒谬感作为现代人精神危机的表征，具有重要的美学和哲学价值。本研究创新性地将荒谬感置于全球化语境下考察，指出其超越时代局限的普遍意义，为理解当代社会的精神现象提供了新的视角。同时，通过对比东西方文化差异，进一步丰富了对荒谬感的理解维度，拓展了存在主义研究的理论边界。
关键词：存在主义文学；荒谬感；生存困境
Abstract
The sense of absurdity in existentialist literature is a significant theme in 20th-century Western philosophy and literature. By analyzing the works of representative authors such as Camus and Sartre, this study explores the existential dilemmas faced by individuals in modern society. It aims to reveal the manifestations and philosophical connotations of the sense of absurdity in existentialist works through a combination of close reading and comparative research methods, delving into the socio-historical background and psychological roots that give rise to this phenomenon. The findings indicate that the sense of absurdity not only serves as a critical reflection on the real world but also poses profound questions about the essence of human existence. Through the interpretation of classic works like "The Stranger" and "Nausea," the study uncovers the sense of absurdity as an indicator of the spiritual crisis of modern individuals, highlighting its significant aesthetic and philosophical value. Innovatively, this research examines the sense of absurdity within the context of globalization, pointing out its universal significance beyond temporal limitations, thereby providing new perspectives for understanding contemporary social phenomena. Furthermore, by comparing the differences between Eastern and Western cultures, the study enriches the dimensions of understanding the sense of absurdity and expands the theoretical boundaries of existentialist research.
Keywords: Existentialist Literature；Sense Of Absurdity；Survival Dilemma
引言 1
一、存在主义荒谬感的起源 1
(一)荒谬感的哲学基础 1
(二)存在主义的核心思想 2
(三)早期存在主义作品中的荒谬 2
二、荒谬感的表现形式 3
(一)人物内心的荒诞体验 3
(二)社会环境的荒诞性描写 3
(三)荒谬情节与结构安排 4
三、荒谬感的艺术手法 4
(一)意象与象征的运用 5
(二)叙事视角的选择 5
(三)语言风格的特点 6
四、荒谬感的哲学意蕴 6
(一)对传统价值观的挑战 6
(二)自由与责任的探讨 7
(三)生存意义的追问 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
