摘 要
随着工业化和城市化进程的加速，环境问题日益严峻，环境保护法律成为应对环境挑战的重要手段，然而在执行过程中面临诸多阻力。为此，本文旨在深入剖析环境保护法律执行中的阻力并提出有效对策。通过对国内外相关文献的系统梳理，结合实地调研与案例分析的方法，聚焦于执法主体、执法对象以及社会环境三个层面展开研究。结果表明，执法主体方面存在部门间协调不畅、执法人员素质参差不齐等问题；执法对象层面表现为部分企业环保意识淡薄、为追求经济利益而逃避监管；社会环境上公众参与度不高且监督机制不完善。创新性地从构建多元协同治理体系出发，强调加强部门联动、提升执法人员专业素养、强化企业社会责任感、提高公众环保意识及建立健全监督举报制度等多维度措施。这不仅有助于破解当前环境保护法律执行困境，更为推动我国生态文明建设提供理论支持与实践指导，对促进经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：环境保护法律执行 多元协同治理 执法主体协调
Abstract
With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, environmental issues have become increasingly severe, making environmental protection laws a crucial instrument in addressing environmental challenges. However, the implementation of these laws encounters numerous obstacles. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the impediments in the enforcement of environmental protection laws and propose effective countermeasures. By systematically reviewing relevant domestic and international literature, complemented by field research and case studies, this paper focuses on three dimensions: law enforcement entities, regulated entities, and the social environment. The findings indicate that among law enforcement entities, there are issues such as inadequate inter-departmental coordination and inconsistent professional standards among enforcement personnel. At the level of regulated entities, some enterprises exhibit weak environmental awareness and evade supervision for economic gains. In terms of the social environment, public participation is low, and supervisory mechanisms are incomplete. Innovatively, this paper advocates for the construction of a multi-stakeholder collaborative governance system, emphasizing enhanced inter-departmental cooperation, improved professional competence of enforcement personnel, strengthened corporate social responsibility, increased public environmental awareness, and the establishment of robust supervision and reporting systems. These multidimensional measures not only help to overcome current enforcement difficulties but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting ecological civilization in China, which is of great significance for advancing sustainable socio-economic development.
Keyword:Environmental Protection Law Enforcement Multiple Collaborative Governance Law Enforcement Subject Coordination
目 录
引言 1
1环境保护法律执行的现状分析 1
1.1法律体系的构建与完善 1
1.2执行机构的设置与职能 2
1.3典型案例的分析与总结 2
2环境保护法律执行的主要阻力 3
2.1利益相关者的博弈与冲突 3
2.2技术手段的局限与挑战 3
2.3社会认知的偏差与不足 4
3环境保护法律执行的对策探讨 4
3.1强化执法力度与监管机制 4
3.2优化政策支持与资源配置 5
3.3提升公众参与与社会监督 5
4环境保护法律执行的未来展望 6
4.1法律制度的持续改进 6
4.2国际经验的借鉴与启示 6
4.3多元主体协同治理模式 2
结论 2
参考文献 4
致谢 5
