摘 要
精密机械零件的性能和使用寿命在很大程度上取决于其表面处理技术，随着现代工业对精密机械零件精度和性能要求的不断提高，研究精密机械零件的表面处理技术具有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨多种表面处理技术对精密机械零件的影响，以提高零件的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和疲劳强度等性能。通过文献调研与实验分析相结合的方法，选取典型精密机械零件为研究对象，采用电镀、化学转化膜、物理气相沉积、激光表面处理等技术进行处理，并借助显微镜、X射线衍射仪、摩擦磨损试验机等设备对处理后的零件表面形貌、成分结构及力学性能进行表征。结果表明，不同表面处理技术可显著改善精密机械零件的表面性能，其中激光表面处理技术表现出独特优势，在提升零件硬度和耐磨性方面效果尤为显著。本研究创新性地对比了多种表面处理技术在同一类型精密机械零件上的应用效果，为实际生产中选择合适的表面处理技术提供了理论依据和技术支持，有助于推动精密机械制造行业的发展。
关键词：精密机械零件 表面处理技术 激光表面处理
Abstract
The performance and service life of precision mechanical components largely depend on their surface treatment technologies. As modern industry continues to increase its demands on the accuracy and performance of precision mechanical components, researching surface treatment technologies for these components becomes increasingly significant. This study aims to investigate the impact of various surface treatment technologies on precision mechanical components to enhance their wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue strength. By integrating literature review with experimental analysis, typical precision mechanical components were selected as research subjects and treated using electroplating, chemical conversion coating, physical vapor deposition, and laser surface treatment technologies. The surface morphology, compositional structure, and mechanical properties of the treated components were characterized using microscopes, X-ray diffractometers, and tribological testing machines. Results indicate that different surface treatment technologies can significantly improve the surface performance of precision mechanical components, with laser surface treatment technology demonstrating unique advantages, particularly in enhancing hardness and wear resistance. This study innovatively compares the application effects of multiple surface treatment technologies on the same type of precision mechanical component, providing theoretical basis and technical support for selecting appropriate surface treatment technologies in actual production, thereby promoting the development of the precision mechanical manufacturing industry.
Keyword:Precision Mechanical Components Surface Treatment Technology Laser Surface Treatment
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法 1
2表面处理技术分类与原理 2
2.1物理表面处理技术 2
2.2化学表面处理技术 3
2.3复合表面处理技术 3
3表面处理对精密机械零件性能的影响 4
3.1提高耐磨性的作用机理 4
3.2增强耐腐蚀性的途径 4
3.3改善表面粗糙度的效果 5
4表面处理工艺的选择与优化 6
4.1工艺选择依据 6
4.2工艺参数优化 6
4.3质量控制措施 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
精密机械零件的性能和使用寿命在很大程度上取决于其表面处理技术，随着现代工业对精密机械零件精度和性能要求的不断提高，研究精密机械零件的表面处理技术具有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨多种表面处理技术对精密机械零件的影响，以提高零件的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和疲劳强度等性能。通过文献调研与实验分析相结合的方法，选取典型精密机械零件为研究对象，采用电镀、化学转化膜、物理气相沉积、激光表面处理等技术进行处理，并借助显微镜、X射线衍射仪、摩擦磨损试验机等设备对处理后的零件表面形貌、成分结构及力学性能进行表征。结果表明，不同表面处理技术可显著改善精密机械零件的表面性能，其中激光表面处理技术表现出独特优势，在提升零件硬度和耐磨性方面效果尤为显著。本研究创新性地对比了多种表面处理技术在同一类型精密机械零件上的应用效果，为实际生产中选择合适的表面处理技术提供了理论依据和技术支持，有助于推动精密机械制造行业的发展。
关键词：精密机械零件 表面处理技术 激光表面处理
Abstract
The performance and service life of precision mechanical components largely depend on their surface treatment technologies. As modern industry continues to increase its demands on the accuracy and performance of precision mechanical components, researching surface treatment technologies for these components becomes increasingly significant. This study aims to investigate the impact of various surface treatment technologies on precision mechanical components to enhance their wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue strength. By integrating literature review with experimental analysis, typical precision mechanical components were selected as research subjects and treated using electroplating, chemical conversion coating, physical vapor deposition, and laser surface treatment technologies. The surface morphology, compositional structure, and mechanical properties of the treated components were characterized using microscopes, X-ray diffractometers, and tribological testing machines. Results indicate that different surface treatment technologies can significantly improve the surface performance of precision mechanical components, with laser surface treatment technology demonstrating unique advantages, particularly in enhancing hardness and wear resistance. This study innovatively compares the application effects of multiple surface treatment technologies on the same type of precision mechanical component, providing theoretical basis and technical support for selecting appropriate surface treatment technologies in actual production, thereby promoting the development of the precision mechanical manufacturing industry.
Keyword:Precision Mechanical Components Surface Treatment Technology Laser Surface Treatment
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法 1
2表面处理技术分类与原理 2
2.1物理表面处理技术 2
2.2化学表面处理技术 3
2.3复合表面处理技术 3
3表面处理对精密机械零件性能的影响 4
3.1提高耐磨性的作用机理 4
3.2增强耐腐蚀性的途径 4
3.3改善表面粗糙度的效果 5
4表面处理工艺的选择与优化 6
4.1工艺选择依据 6
4.2工艺参数优化 6
4.3质量控制措施 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
