摘 要
随着互联网的迅猛发展，IPv4地址资源逐渐枯竭，IPv6作为下一代互联网协议成为必然选择，但二者过渡面临诸多挑战。本研究旨在探讨IPv6过渡技术面临的挑战并提出平滑演进策略。通过文献综述、案例分析与仿真模拟等方法，深入剖析当前主流过渡技术如双栈、隧道及翻译技术在实际部署中的局限性，包括网络复杂度增加、性能损耗以及安全性隐患等问题。研究发现，现有过渡方案难以兼顾兼容性与效率，在大规模商用场景下存在稳定性风险。为此，本文创新性地提出基于智能路由选择与流量优化机制相结合的综合过渡框架，该框架能够在保障业务连续性的前提下，实现从IPv4向IPv6的渐进式迁移。同时，针对不同应用场景制定差异化演进路径，确保过渡过程平稳可控。此外，还构建了评估模型以量化分析各阶段的技术成熟度与经济可行性，为运营商和企业规划IPv6部署提供决策支持。研究表明，所提出的策略能够有效降低过渡成本，提高网络资源利用率，并为未来互联网架构演进奠定坚实基础。
关键词：IPv6过渡技术 双栈与隧道局限性 智能路由选择
Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet, IPv4 address resources are gradually depleting, making IPv6, as the next-generation Internet protocol, an inevitable choice. However, the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 faces numerous challenges. This study aims to explore the challenges confronting IPv6 transition technologies and propose a smooth evolution strategy. By employing methods such as literature review, case analysis, and simulation modeling, this research delves into the limitations of current mainstream transition technologies, including dual-stack, tunneling, and translation techniques, in practical deployment. These limitations encompass increased network complexity, performance degradation, and security vulnerabilities. The findings indicate that existing transition solutions struggle to balance compatibility and efficiency, posing stability risks in large-scale commercial scenarios. To address these issues, this paper innovatively proposes a comprehensive transition fr amework combining intelligent routing selection with traffic optimization mechanisms. This fr amework can achieve gradual migration from IPv4 to IPv6 while ensuring service continuity. Moreover, it formulates differentiated evolution paths for various application scenarios to ensure a stable and controllable transition process. Additionally, an evaluation model is constructed to quantitatively analyze the technical maturity and economic feasibility at each stage, providing decision support for operators and enterprises planning IPv6 deployment. The research demonstrates that the proposed strategies can effectively reduce transition costs, enhance network resource utilization, and lay a solid foundation for the future evolution of Internet architecture.
Keyword:Ipv6 Transition Technology Dual-Stack And Tunnel Limitations Intelligent Routing Selection
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
2IPv6过渡技术面临的挑战 1
2.1地址转换中的兼容性问题 1
2.2现有网络设备的升级改造 2
2.3过渡期间的安全风险防范 3
2.4用户认知与接受度提升 3
3平滑演进的技术路径选择 4
3.1双栈技术的应用与优化 4
3.2隧道技术的改进与发展 4
3.3转换技术的综合运用 5
3.4技术选型的评估指标体系 5
4推动IPv6平滑演进的策略 6
4.1政策支持与标准制定 6
4.2产业协同推进机制 6
4.3应用驱动的演进模式 7
4.4用户教育与服务保障 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
