机械制造中的误差补偿技术应用 -机械设计制造及其自动化专业

摘要

机械制造过程中，误差是影响产品质量和精度的关键因素，随着现代制造业对产品精度要求的不断提高，传统的误差控制方法已难以满足需求，因此研究误差补偿技术具有重要意义。本研究旨在探索机械制造中的误差补偿技术应用，以提高产品的加工精度。通过对现有误差补偿技术的深入分析，结合实际生产情况，选取了基于神经网络的误差预测模型与基于反馈的实时误差补偿系统相结合的方法进行研究。该方法首先利用神经网络对加工过程中的各种误差源进行建模预测，然后通过反馈控制系统根据预测结果实时调整加工参数，从而实现误差的有效补偿。实验结果表明，采用此方法后，零件的尺寸精度和形状精度均得到了显著提升，其中尺寸误差由原来的0.05mm降低到了0.01mm以内，形状误差也有了明显改善。

关键词：误差补偿技术神经网络预测模型反馈控制系统

Abstract

In the process of mechanical manufacturing, errors are critical factors affecting product quality and precision. As modern manufacturing industries increasingly demand higher product accuracy, traditional error control methods have become inadequate to meet these requirements, making the study of error compensation techniques particularly significant. This research aims to explore the application of error compensation technology in mechanical manufacturing to enhance processing accuracy. By conducting an in-depth analysis of existing error compensation technologies and considering practical production scenarios, this study adopts a combined approach utilizing a neural network-based error prediction model and a feedback-based real-time error compensation system. This method first employs neural networks to model and predict various sources of error during the machining process. Subsequently, it adjusts machining parameters in real time through a feedback control system based on the prediction results, thereby achieving effective error compensation. Experimental results demonstrate that after adopting this method, both dimensional and shape accuracy of parts have significantly improved, with dimensional errors reduced from 0.05mm to within 0.01mm, and noticeable improvements in shape errors as well.

Keyword:Error Compensation Technology Neural Network Prediction Model Feedback Control System

1绪论 1

1.1机械制造中误差补偿的背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状综述 1

1.3研究方法与技术路线 2

2误差补偿技术原理 2

2.1误差来源分析 2

2.2补偿理论基础 3

2.3主要补偿方法概述 3

3误差补偿在加工过程的应用 4

3.1数控机床中的应用 4

3.2加工精度提升策略 4