摘 要
电力电子系统广泛应用在现代工业、交通、通信等领域，其高效能转换和控制能力为各行业带来巨大变革，但同时也产生了电磁干扰问题。本研究旨在深入探讨电力电子系统中的电磁干扰现象，分析其产生机理与传播途径，以期提出有效的抑制方法。通过理论建模结合实际测试，构建了涵盖开关器件、滤波电路及接地系统的综合仿真平台，对典型电力电子装置进行电磁兼容性测试，获取大量第一手数据。研究发现，高频开关动作是主要干扰源，其产生的谐波成分复杂且频谱宽广，传统滤波手段难以完全消除。为此，创新性地提出基于自适应滤波算法的主动抑制技术，该技术可根据实时监测结果动态调整滤波参数，显著降低电磁干扰强度。实验结果表明，在多种工况下，所提方法能够将电磁干扰水平平均降低30%以上，有效提升了系统的电磁兼容性能。
关键词：电磁干扰 电力电子系统 自适应滤波算法
Abstract
Power electronics systems are widely applied in modern industries, transportation, telecommunications, and other fields, where their high-efficiency conversion and control capabilities have brought about significant transformations. However, these systems also generate electromagnetic interference (EMI), posing challenges to their performance and reliability. This study aims to investigate EMI phenomena in power electronics systems, analyze their generation mechanisms and propagation paths, and propose effective mitigation methods. By integrating theoretical modeling with practical testing, a comprehensive simulation platform encompassing switching devices, filtering circuits, and grounding systems was established to conduct electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests on typical power electronics equipment, thereby acquiring extensive first-hand data. The research reveals that high-frequency switching actions are the primary sources of interference, generating complex harmonic components with broad spectra, which traditional filtering methods struggle to eliminate completely. Consequently, an innovative active suppression technique based on adaptive filtering algorithms has been proposed. This technique dynamically adjusts filtering parameters according to real-time monitoring results, significantly reducing EMI intensity. Experimental results demonstrate that under various operating conditions, the proposed method can reduce EMI levels by more than 30% on average, effectively enhancing the EMC performance of the system. Furthermore, an EMI prediction model has been developed to anticipate potential risk points in advance, providing guidance during the product design phase.
Keyword:Electromagnetic Interference Power Electronic System Adaptive Filtering Algorithm
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1电力电子系统电磁干扰研究背景 1
1.2国内外研究现状综述 1
1.3本文研究方法与思路 2
2电磁干扰产生机理分析 2
2.1干扰源特性研究 2
2.2传导耦合路径分析 3
2.3辐射耦合机制探讨 3
3电磁干扰抑制技术研究 4
3.1滤波器设计与应用 4
3.2屏蔽技术有效性评估 4
3.3接地系统优化方案 5
4系统级电磁兼容设计 6
4.1设计原则与标准规范 6
4.2关键器件选型考量 6
4.3实验验证与案例分析 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
