摘 要
环境公益诉讼制度是维护公共环境利益的关键法律机制，在生态文明建设中扮演着重要角色。随着我国经济的快速发展，环境污染和生态破坏问题日益严重，传统诉讼制度难以应对公共环境权益受损的复杂情况，因此需要完善环境公益诉讼制度以满足新时代环境保护的需求。本研究通过文献分析、比较研究及实证调查等方法，深入研究国内外相关立法与实践案例，发现我国环境公益诉讼存在原告资格受限、举证责任分配不合理、赔偿范围狭窄等问题。针对这些问题，本文提出构建多元主体参与机制，明确社会组织和检察机关的诉讼地位；优化证据规则，实行举证责任倒置；拓宽损害赔偿范围至生态环境服务功能损失等建议。研究结果表明，这些措施有助于提高环境公益诉讼效率，增强司法救济效果，为解决环境纠纷提供更有力的法律保障，对推动我国环境法治建设具有重要意义。
关键词：环境公益诉讼 原告资格 举证责任倒置
Abstract
Environmental public interest litigation system is the key legal mechanism to safeguard public environmental interests, and plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization. With the rapid development of China's economy, the problems of environmental pollution and ecological destruction are increasingly serious, and the traditional litigation system is difficult to deal with the complex situation of the damage of public environmental rights and interests. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the environmental public interest litigation system to meet the needs of environmental protection in the new era. Through literature analysis, comparative research and empirical investigation, this study deeply studies the relevant legislation and practice cases at home and abroad, and finds that there are some problems in China, such as limited plaintiffs' qualification, unreasonable distribution of burden of proof, and narrow scope of compensation. In view of these problems, this paper proposes to construct the participation mechanism of multiple subjects, clarify the litigation status of social organizations and procuratorial organs, optimize the rules of evidence, reverse the burden of proof, and broaden the scope of damage compensation to the loss of ecological environment service function. The results show that these measures help to improve the efficiency of environmental public interest litigation, enhance the effect of judicial relief, provide a more powerful legal guarantee for the settlement of environmental disputes, and are of great significance to promote the construction of environmental rule of law in China.
Keyword:Environmental Public Interest Litigation Plaintiff Qualification Reversal Of Burden Of Proof
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1环境公益诉讼制度完善的研究背景 1
1.2研究环境公益诉讼制度的意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4本文研究方法与创新点 2
2环境公益诉讼主体资格的完善 2
2.1主体资格的现行规定分析 2
2.2主体资格存在的问题探讨 3
2.3完善主体资格的建议措施 3
3环境公益诉讼程序机制的优化 4
3.1立案受理程序的完善路径 4
3.2证据规则的构建与改进 5
3.3审判执行程序的优化方案 5
4环境公益诉讼保障体系的健全 6
4.1资金保障机制的建立 6
4.2技术支持体系的完善 6
4.3社会参与机制的强化 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
