摘 要
随着工业化进程的加快，环境污染问题日益严峻，尤其是水体和土壤污染对人类健康构成了巨大威胁。为探索高效且环境友好的治理技术，本研究聚焦于一种新型生物炭材料在环境修复领域的应用潜力。通过采用农业废弃物作为原料，在不同温度条件下制备了具有特定结构与性能的生物炭，并对其进行了详细的物理化学性质表征。实验结果表明，所制备的生物炭不仅拥有较高的比表面积及丰富的孔隙结构，还表现出良好的吸附重金属离子的能力。此外，该材料还能有效促进植物生长，提高受污染土壤中微生物活性。基于室内模拟实验与野外试验相结合的方法，进一步验证了其在实际环境治理中的有效性。研究表明，这种新型生物炭材料能够显著降低环境中污染物浓度，改善生态系统服务功能，对于推动绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。本工作不仅拓宽了生物炭的应用范围，也为解决当前面临的复杂环境问题提供了新思路。
关键词：生物炭材料 重金属吸附 农业废弃物利用 环境修复
Abstract
With the acceleration of industrialization, environmental pollution has become increasingly severe, particularly water and soil contamination, which pose significant threats to human health. To explore efficient and environmentally friendly remediation technologies, this study focuses on the application potential of a novel biochar material in environmental restoration. Agricultural waste was used as raw material to prepare biochar with specific structures and properties under different temperature conditions, followed by a detailed characterization of its physicochemical properties. The experimental results demonstrated that the prepared biochar not only possesses a high specific surface area and abundant pore structure but also exhibits excellent adsorption capacity for heavy me tal ions. Additionally, this material can effectively promote plant growth and enhance microbial activity in contaminated soils. By combining indoor simulation experiments with field trials, the effectiveness of the biochar in practical environmental remediation was further validated. The research indicates that this novel biochar material can significantly reduce pollutant concentrations in the environment, improve ecosystem service functions, and is of great significance for promoting green and sustainable development. This work not only broadens the application scope of biochar but also provides new insights into addressing the complex environmental challenges currently faced.
Keyword:Biocarbon material Heavy me tal adsorption Agricultural waste utilization Environmental modification
目 录
1 引言 1
2 新型生物炭材料制备技术 1
2.1 原料选择与预处理 1
2.2 生物炭制备工艺 2
2.3 材料性能表征 2
2.4 制备技术对比分析 3
3 新型生物炭在水污染治理中的应用 3
3.1 重金属吸附性能研究 3
3.2 有机污染物去除效果 4
3.3 水体净化机理探讨 4
3.4 应用案例分析 4
4 新型生物炭在土壤修复中的应用 5
4.1 土壤改良作用 5
4.2 有机污染物降解 5
4.3 重金属固定化 6
4.4 实际应用效果评估 6
5 结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
随着工业化进程的加快，环境污染问题日益严峻，尤其是水体和土壤污染对人类健康构成了巨大威胁。为探索高效且环境友好的治理技术，本研究聚焦于一种新型生物炭材料在环境修复领域的应用潜力。通过采用农业废弃物作为原料，在不同温度条件下制备了具有特定结构与性能的生物炭，并对其进行了详细的物理化学性质表征。实验结果表明，所制备的生物炭不仅拥有较高的比表面积及丰富的孔隙结构，还表现出良好的吸附重金属离子的能力。此外，该材料还能有效促进植物生长，提高受污染土壤中微生物活性。基于室内模拟实验与野外试验相结合的方法，进一步验证了其在实际环境治理中的有效性。研究表明，这种新型生物炭材料能够显著降低环境中污染物浓度，改善生态系统服务功能，对于推动绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。本工作不仅拓宽了生物炭的应用范围，也为解决当前面临的复杂环境问题提供了新思路。
关键词：生物炭材料 重金属吸附 农业废弃物利用 环境修复
Abstract
With the acceleration of industrialization, environmental pollution has become increasingly severe, particularly water and soil contamination, which pose significant threats to human health. To explore efficient and environmentally friendly remediation technologies, this study focuses on the application potential of a novel biochar material in environmental restoration. Agricultural waste was used as raw material to prepare biochar with specific structures and properties under different temperature conditions, followed by a detailed characterization of its physicochemical properties. The experimental results demonstrated that the prepared biochar not only possesses a high specific surface area and abundant pore structure but also exhibits excellent adsorption capacity for heavy me tal ions. Additionally, this material can effectively promote plant growth and enhance microbial activity in contaminated soils. By combining indoor simulation experiments with field trials, the effectiveness of the biochar in practical environmental remediation was further validated. The research indicates that this novel biochar material can significantly reduce pollutant concentrations in the environment, improve ecosystem service functions, and is of great significance for promoting green and sustainable development. This work not only broadens the application scope of biochar but also provides new insights into addressing the complex environmental challenges currently faced.
Keyword:Biocarbon material Heavy me tal adsorption Agricultural waste utilization Environmental modification
目 录
1 引言 1
2 新型生物炭材料制备技术 1
2.1 原料选择与预处理 1
2.2 生物炭制备工艺 2
2.3 材料性能表征 2
2.4 制备技术对比分析 3
3 新型生物炭在水污染治理中的应用 3
3.1 重金属吸附性能研究 3
3.2 有机污染物去除效果 4
3.3 水体净化机理探讨 4
3.4 应用案例分析 4
4 新型生物炭在土壤修复中的应用 5
4.1 土壤改良作用 5
4.2 有机污染物降解 5
4.3 重金属固定化 6
4.4 实际应用效果评估 6
5 结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
