摘 要
随着全球气候变化的加剧，城市热岛效应已成为影响城市居民生活质量及生态环境健康的重要因素之一。本研究旨在探讨不同缓解措施对降低城市热岛强度的有效性，并提出一套综合性的解决方案。通过选取中国东部某典型大城市作为案例分析对象，采用遥感技术与地面观测相结合的方法获取该地区夏季高温期间的地表温度分布特征；同时，基于GIS平台构建了包含绿地率、水体覆盖率等多因子的城市热环境评估模型。研究发现，增加城市绿化面积尤其是屋顶绿化和垂直绿化能够显著降低局部区域平均气温约1.5℃-2.0℃；合理规划城市水域布局亦可有效改善微气候条件。此外，推广使用高反射率建筑材料对于减少建筑物表面吸热量具有积极作用。本研究创新性地提出了将自然降温手段与人工干预措施相结合的城市热岛缓解策略，不仅为相关领域提供了新的理论依据和技术支持，也为其他面临相似挑战的城市提供了一定参考价值。
关键词：城市热岛效应 绿化面积 水体布局 高反射率材料
Abstract
With the intensification of global climate change, the urban heat island effect has become one of the significant factors affecting the quality of life for urban residents and the health of the ecological environment. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various mitigation measures in reducing the intensity of urban heat islands and proposes a comprehensive solution. By selecting a typical large city in eastern China as a case study, the research employs a combination of remote sensing technology and ground-based observations to obtain the distribution characteristics of surface temperatures during the summer high-temperature period. Additionally, based on a GIS platform, an urban thermal environment assessment model incorporating multiple factors such as green space ratio and water body coverage was constructed. The findings reveal that increasing urban green areas, particularly through roof greening and vertical greening, can significantly reduce the average temperature in local areas by approximately 1.5°C to 2.0°C. Rational planning of urban water bodies also effectively improves microclimate conditions. Furthermore, the promotion of high-reflectivity building materials plays a positive role in reducing heat absorption on building surfaces. Innovatively, this study proposes a strategy for mitigating urban heat islands by integrating natural cooling methods with artificial intervention measures, providing new theoretical foundations and technical support for related fields and offering valuable references for other cities facing similar challenges.
Keyword: Urban heat island effect Green space；green area Water layout High reflectivity material
目 录
1 引言 1
2 气候变化对城市热岛效应的影响 1
2.1 气候变化特征及其趋势 1
2.2 城市热岛效应的形成机制 2
2.3 气候变化加剧城市热岛效应 3
3 城市绿地系统缓解热岛效应的作用 3
3.1 绿地系统的降温机理 3
3.2 不同类型绿地的热环境效应 4
3.3 绿地布局优化策略 5
4 建筑与材料在缓解热岛效应中的应用 5
4.1 低反射率建筑材料的应用 5
4.2 绿色屋顶和墙面的热环境效益 6
4.3 建筑设计与布局优化 6
5 结论 6
参考文献 8
致谢 9
随着全球气候变化的加剧，城市热岛效应已成为影响城市居民生活质量及生态环境健康的重要因素之一。本研究旨在探讨不同缓解措施对降低城市热岛强度的有效性，并提出一套综合性的解决方案。通过选取中国东部某典型大城市作为案例分析对象，采用遥感技术与地面观测相结合的方法获取该地区夏季高温期间的地表温度分布特征；同时，基于GIS平台构建了包含绿地率、水体覆盖率等多因子的城市热环境评估模型。研究发现，增加城市绿化面积尤其是屋顶绿化和垂直绿化能够显著降低局部区域平均气温约1.5℃-2.0℃；合理规划城市水域布局亦可有效改善微气候条件。此外，推广使用高反射率建筑材料对于减少建筑物表面吸热量具有积极作用。本研究创新性地提出了将自然降温手段与人工干预措施相结合的城市热岛缓解策略，不仅为相关领域提供了新的理论依据和技术支持，也为其他面临相似挑战的城市提供了一定参考价值。
关键词：城市热岛效应 绿化面积 水体布局 高反射率材料
Abstract
With the intensification of global climate change, the urban heat island effect has become one of the significant factors affecting the quality of life for urban residents and the health of the ecological environment. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various mitigation measures in reducing the intensity of urban heat islands and proposes a comprehensive solution. By selecting a typical large city in eastern China as a case study, the research employs a combination of remote sensing technology and ground-based observations to obtain the distribution characteristics of surface temperatures during the summer high-temperature period. Additionally, based on a GIS platform, an urban thermal environment assessment model incorporating multiple factors such as green space ratio and water body coverage was constructed. The findings reveal that increasing urban green areas, particularly through roof greening and vertical greening, can significantly reduce the average temperature in local areas by approximately 1.5°C to 2.0°C. Rational planning of urban water bodies also effectively improves microclimate conditions. Furthermore, the promotion of high-reflectivity building materials plays a positive role in reducing heat absorption on building surfaces. Innovatively, this study proposes a strategy for mitigating urban heat islands by integrating natural cooling methods with artificial intervention measures, providing new theoretical foundations and technical support for related fields and offering valuable references for other cities facing similar challenges.
Keyword: Urban heat island effect Green space；green area Water layout High reflectivity material
目 录
1 引言 1
2 气候变化对城市热岛效应的影响 1
2.1 气候变化特征及其趋势 1
2.2 城市热岛效应的形成机制 2
2.3 气候变化加剧城市热岛效应 3
3 城市绿地系统缓解热岛效应的作用 3
3.1 绿地系统的降温机理 3
3.2 不同类型绿地的热环境效应 4
3.3 绿地布局优化策略 5
4 建筑与材料在缓解热岛效应中的应用 5
4.1 低反射率建筑材料的应用 5
4.2 绿色屋顶和墙面的热环境效益 6
4.3 建筑设计与布局优化 6
5 结论 6
参考文献 8
致谢 9
