摘 要
随着电力系统规模的不断扩大和新能源的广泛接入，电网电压稳定性问题日益突出，动态无功补偿技术成为保障系统安全运行的关键手段。本研究针对传统静态无功补偿装置响应速度慢、调节精度不足等问题，提出了一种基于模型预测控制的动态无功补偿与电压控制策略。通过建立考虑分布式电源出力波动和负荷变化的系统模型，采用改进的粒子群优化算法对预测时域内的控制变量进行滚动优化，实现了对系统电压的快速精确调节。研究结果表明，所提出的控制策略在应对大功率冲击性负荷和新能源出力波动时具有显著优势，与传统PID控制相比，电压波动幅度降低了35.7%，响应时间缩短了42.3%。同时，该策略通过引入自适应权重因子和混沌扰动机制，有效避免了局部最优问题，提高了算法的全局搜索能力。
关键词：动态无功补偿 模型预测控制 电压稳定性
Abstract
With the continuous expansion of the power system scale and the extensive access of new energy, the problem of the voltage stability of the power grid is becoming increasingly prominent, and the dynamic reactive power compensation technology has become the key means to ensure the safe operation of the system. This paper presents a strategy of dynamic reactive power compensation and voltage control based on model prediction control, such as slow response speed and insufficient regulation accuracy. By establishing a system model considering the output fluctuation and load change of distributed power supply, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the control variables in the prediction time domain, realizing the fast and precise regulation of the system voltage. The results show that the proposed control strategy has significant advantages in dealing with high power impact load and new energy output fluctuation. Compared with the traditional PID control, the voltage fluctuation amplitude is reduced by 35.7% and the response time is reduced by 42.3%. At the same time, by introducing the adaptive weight factor and the chaotic disturbance mechanism, we can effectively avoid the local optimal problem and improve the global search capability of the algorithm.
Keyword: Dynamic reactive power compensation model predictive control voltage stability
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2电力系统动态无功补偿原理分析 2
2.1无功功率对电压稳定的影响机制 2
2.2动态无功补偿装置的工作原理 2
2.3典型动态无功补偿设备特性比较 3
3基于动态无功补偿的电压控制策略 4
3.1电压稳定性评估指标体系构建 4
3.2多目标优化控制模型建立 4
3.3自适应协调控制策略设计 5
4动态无功补偿系统的仿真与验证 6
4.1IEEE标准测试系统建模与仿真 6
4.2不同工况下的控制效果分析 6
4.3实际工程案例验证与应用评估 7
5结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
随着电力系统规模的不断扩大和新能源的广泛接入，电网电压稳定性问题日益突出，动态无功补偿技术成为保障系统安全运行的关键手段。本研究针对传统静态无功补偿装置响应速度慢、调节精度不足等问题，提出了一种基于模型预测控制的动态无功补偿与电压控制策略。通过建立考虑分布式电源出力波动和负荷变化的系统模型，采用改进的粒子群优化算法对预测时域内的控制变量进行滚动优化，实现了对系统电压的快速精确调节。研究结果表明，所提出的控制策略在应对大功率冲击性负荷和新能源出力波动时具有显著优势，与传统PID控制相比，电压波动幅度降低了35.7%，响应时间缩短了42.3%。同时，该策略通过引入自适应权重因子和混沌扰动机制，有效避免了局部最优问题，提高了算法的全局搜索能力。
关键词：动态无功补偿 模型预测控制 电压稳定性
Abstract
With the continuous expansion of the power system scale and the extensive access of new energy, the problem of the voltage stability of the power grid is becoming increasingly prominent, and the dynamic reactive power compensation technology has become the key means to ensure the safe operation of the system. This paper presents a strategy of dynamic reactive power compensation and voltage control based on model prediction control, such as slow response speed and insufficient regulation accuracy. By establishing a system model considering the output fluctuation and load change of distributed power supply, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the control variables in the prediction time domain, realizing the fast and precise regulation of the system voltage. The results show that the proposed control strategy has significant advantages in dealing with high power impact load and new energy output fluctuation. Compared with the traditional PID control, the voltage fluctuation amplitude is reduced by 35.7% and the response time is reduced by 42.3%. At the same time, by introducing the adaptive weight factor and the chaotic disturbance mechanism, we can effectively avoid the local optimal problem and improve the global search capability of the algorithm.
Keyword: Dynamic reactive power compensation model predictive control voltage stability
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2电力系统动态无功补偿原理分析 2
2.1无功功率对电压稳定的影响机制 2
2.2动态无功补偿装置的工作原理 2
2.3典型动态无功补偿设备特性比较 3
3基于动态无功补偿的电压控制策略 4
3.1电压稳定性评估指标体系构建 4
3.2多目标优化控制模型建立 4
3.3自适应协调控制策略设计 5
4动态无功补偿系统的仿真与验证 6
4.1IEEE标准测试系统建模与仿真 6
4.2不同工况下的控制效果分析 6
4.3实际工程案例验证与应用评估 7
5结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
