摘 要
随着全球气候变化和资源环境压力的加剧，低碳建筑作为实现可持续发展的重要途径受到广泛关注。建筑材料作为建筑碳排放的主要来源之一，其选择与应用直接影响建筑全生命周期的环境影响。本研究旨在系统探讨低碳建筑材料在住宅建筑中的应用路径与实际效果，以期为绿色建造提供理论支持与实践指导。研究通过文献分析、案例比较与生命周期评价方法，选取典型住宅项目进行实证研究，评估不同类型低碳材料在实际应用中的减碳潜力与经济性表现。结果表明，采用再生混凝土、低碳水泥及可再生隔热材料等低碳建材，可在不显著增加成本的前提下有效降低建筑碳排放强度，同时提升建筑能效水平。研究创新性地构建了基于多指标评价的低碳建材选型框架，并提出因地制宜的应用策略，为政策制定与工程实践提供了科学依据。主要贡献在于将理论研究与实地数据相结合，揭示了低碳建材推广中的关键障碍与应对机制，推动住宅建设向绿色低碳方向转型。
关键词：低碳建筑材料；住宅建筑；生命周期评价；减碳潜力；多指标评价
ABSTRACT
With the intensification of global climate change and environmental pressures, low-carbon buildings have received widespread attention as an important approach to achieving sustainable development. As one of the main sources of carbon emissions in buildings, the selection and application of building materials directly influence the environmental impact throughout a building’s life cycle. This study systematically explores the application pathways and practical effects of low-carbon building materials in residential construction, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for green building practices. Through a combination of literature analysis, case comparison, and life cycle assessment methods, this research conducts empirical studies on representative residential projects to evaluate the carbon reduction potential and economic performance of various types of low-carbon materials in real-world applications. Results indicate that the use of low-carbon materials such as recycled concrete, low-carbon cement, and renewable insulation materials can effectively reduce the carbon emission intensity of buildings without significantly increasing costs, while also improving energy efficiency. This study innovatively constructs a material selection fr amework based on multi-indicator evaluation and proposes context-specific application strategies, offering scientific foundations for policy-making and engineering practice. The main contribution lies in integrating theoretical research with field data to reveal key barriers and coping mechanisms in the promotion of low-carbon building materials, thereby facilitating the transition of residential construction toward greener and lower-carbon development.
Keywords: Low Carbon Building Materials; Residential Buildings; Life Cycle Assessment; Carbon Reduction Potential; Multi Indicator Evaluation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 低碳建筑材料的分类及其性能分析 3
2.1 常见低碳建筑材料的类型与特点 3
2.2 材料碳排放评价体系与标准 3
2.3 低碳建筑材料的物理力学性能评估 4
2.4 材料生命周期内的环境影响分析 4
第3章 低碳建筑材料在住宅建筑设计中的应用模式 6
3.1 设计阶段对低碳材料的应用策略 6
3.2 不同建筑结构体系中的材料适配性 6
3.3 空间布局与材料使用的协同优化 7
3.4 案例分析：典型住宅项目中的低碳材料应用 7
第4章 低碳建筑材料在住宅建筑施工与运维中的实践 8
4.1 施工阶段低碳材料的使用流程与控制 8
4.2 材料运输与施工过程中的碳排放管理 8
4.3 运维阶段材料性能维护与更新策略 9
4.4 使用效果评估与用户反馈机制 9
4.5 推动低碳材料普及的政策与市场路径 10
结论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
