摘 要
随着工业物联网技术的快速发展，传统边界安全模型面临前所未有的挑战，亟需一种更为细粒度、动态化的安全架构。零信任架构作为一种“永不信任，始终验证”的新型安全理念，为工业物联网环境下的访问控制与威胁防御提供了有效解决方案。本研究旨在探讨零信任架构在工业物联网中的适用性与实施路径，提出基于设备身份认证、最小权限管理和持续行为监测的综合安全框架。通过仿真实验与案例分析，评估该架构在访问控制精度、异常检测效率和系统响应延迟等方面的表现。实验结果表明，零信任机制可显著提升工业物联网系统的安全性与可控性，同时具备良好的扩展潜力。本研究的创新点在于结合工业场景特性对零信任模型进行适应性优化，并揭示其在资源受限环境下面临的性能与部署挑战。研究结果为构建安全、可信的工业物联网体系提供了理论支持与实践参考。
关键词：零信任架构；工业物联网安全；访问控制；行为监测；身份认证
Applications and Challenges of Zero Trust Architecture in Industrial Internet of Things Security Protection
Abstract: With the rapid development of industrial Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, traditional perimeter-based security models are facing unprecedented challenges, necessitating a more fine-grained and dynamic security architecture. As a novel security paradigm that follows the principle of "never trust, always verify," Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) offers an effective solution for access control and threat defense in industrial IoT environments. This study aims to investigate the applicability and implementation pathways of ZTA within the context of industrial IoT, proposing an integrated security fr amework based on device identity authentication, least-privilege access management, and continuous behavioral monitoring. The performance of this architectural approach is evaluated through simulation experiments and case studies, focusing on key metrics such as access control precision, anomaly detection efficiency, and system response latency. Experimental results demonstrate that the Zero Trust model can significantly enhance the security and controllability of industrial IoT systems while exhibiting strong potential for scalability. The innovation of this research lies in the adaptive optimization of the Zero Trust model tailored to industrial scenarios, as well as in identifying the performance and deployment challenges it faces in resource-constrained environments. The findings provide both theoretical support and practical guidance for building secure and trustworthy industrial IoT systems.
Keywords: Zero Trust Architecture; Industrial Internet Of Things Security; Access Control; Behavior Monitoring; Identity Authentication
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景和意义 1
1.2研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法 1
2零信任架构的核心理念及其对工业物联网的适配性 2
2.1零信任架构的基本原则与技术特征 2
2.2工业物联网环境的安全需求分析 2
2.3零信任架构在工业物联网中的适用性评估 3
3零信任架构在工业物联网中的典型应用场景 3
3.1设备身份认证与访问控制机制设计 3
3.2数据流加密与动态策略管理实践 4
3.3边缘计算环境下零信任模型的应用探索 5
4零信任架构在工业物联网中实施的主要挑战 5
4.1资源受限设备的兼容性问题 5
4.2实时性与安全性之间的平衡难题 6
4.3多方协同下的信任机制构建障碍 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致 谢 9
