摘 要
企业成本控制与财务绩效的关系是现代企业管理研究中的重要议题。在全球经济不确定性加剧和市场竞争日益激烈的背景下，如何通过有效的成本控制提升企业的财务绩效成为学术界和实务界共同关注的焦点。本研究旨在探讨企业成本控制策略对财务绩效的影响机制，并分析不同行业和规模的企业在这一关系中的异质性表现。研究采用定量分析方法，基于我国A股上市公司2015年至2022年的面板数据，运用固定效应模型进行实证检验。结果表明，成本控制对企业财务绩效具有显著正向影响，且这种影响在制造业和中小企业中更为明显。此外，研究发现成本控制的效果受企业战略定位和外部环境因素的调节作用。本研究的创新点在于引入动态视角分析成本控制的长期效应，并结合行业特征和企业规模进行分组检验，从而为理论研究提供了更丰富的经验证据。主要贡献体现在三个方面：一是深化了成本控制与财务绩效关系的理论理解；二是为企业制定科学的成本管理策略提供了实践指导；三是拓展了相关研究在中国情境下的适用性，为后续研究奠定了基础。
关键词：成本控制；财务绩效；行业异质性；中小企业；动态效应
Abstract
The relationship between cost control and financial performance is a critical issue in modern enterprise management research. In the context of increasing global economic uncertainty and intensifying market competition, enhancing corporate financial performance through effective cost control has become a focal point for both academia and practice. This study investigates the impact mechanism of corporate cost control strategies on financial performance and analyzes the heterogeneous manifestations of this relationship across different industries and firm sizes. A quantitative analysis approach is adopted, utilizing panel data from A-share listed companies in China between 2015 and 2022, with empirical testing conducted using a fixed-effects model. The results indicate that cost control exerts a significantly positive influence on financial performance, with this effect being more pronounced in manufacturing firms and small- to medium-sized enterprises. Additionally, the study reveals that the effectiveness of cost control is moderated by corporate strategic positioning and external environmental factors. The innovation of this research lies in its introduction of a dynamic perspective to analyze the long-term effects of cost control, complemented by group-specific tests incorporating industry characteristics and firm size, thereby providing richer empirical evidence for theoretical exploration. The primary contributions are threefold: first, it deepens the theoretical understanding of the relationship between cost control and financial performance; second, it offers practical guidance for firms in formulating scientific cost management strategies; third, it extends the applicability of related research within the Chinese context, laying a foundation for future studies.
Keywords: Cost Control；Financial Performance；Industry Heterogeneity；Small And Medium Enterprises；Dynamic Effect
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）企业成本控制与财务绩效研究背景 1
（二）研究意义与理论价值分析 1
（三）国内外研究现状综述 1
（四）本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、成本控制对企业财务绩效的影响机制 2
（一）成本控制的基本概念与分类 2
（二）财务绩效的衡量指标体系构建 3
（三）成本控制对财务绩效的作用路径分析 3
三、企业成本控制策略与财务绩效提升实证研究 4
（一）数据来源与样本选择标准 4
（二）实证模型设计与变量定义 4
（三）实证结果分析与讨论 5
四、优化成本控制以改善财务绩效的对策建议 6
（一）当前企业成本控制存在的问题分析 6
（二）提高成本控制效率的关键措施 6
（三）改善财务绩效的综合管理策略 7
结 论 7
致 谢 9
参考文献 10
