摘 要
随着城市地下空间开发的快速发展，滨海软土地区深基坑工程日益增多，其施工对邻近地铁隧道结构安全的影响成为亟需解决的关键问题。本研究以典型滨海软土地区为研究对象，旨在揭示深基坑开挖过程中土体变形传递机制，分析其对邻近地铁隧道结构变形的影响规律，并提出有效的控制措施。通过现场监测、数值模拟与理论分析相结合的方法，系统研究了基坑开挖引起的地层位移演化过程及其对隧道纵向和横向变形的影响特征。研究发现，基坑开挖引起的地层卸荷效应是导致隧道上浮和水平位移的主要因素，支护结构刚度与施工顺序对变形控制具有显著影响。创新性地提出了基于时空效应的动态控制策略，并通过工程实例验证了其有效性。研究成果可为类似工程提供理论支持和技术参考，对于保障地铁运营安全、推动城市地下空间可持续开发具有重要意义。
关键词：滨海软土地区；深基坑开挖；地铁隧道变形；地层卸荷效应；动态控制策略
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of urban underground space, deep excavation projects in coastal soft soil areas have significantly increased, and the impact of their construction on the structural safety of adjacent subway tunnels has become a critical issue that needs urgent attention. Taking a typical coastal soft soil area as the research ob ject, this study aims to reveal the mechanism of soil deformation transfer during deep excavation, analyze the influence patterns of such deformation on adjacent subway tunnel structures, and propose effective control measures. By integrating field monitoring, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis, the study systematically investigated the evolution process of stratum displacement induced by excavation and its characteristic effects on both longitudinal and transverse deformations of the tunnel. The results indicate that the stratum unloading effect caused by excavation is the primary factor leading to tunnel uplift and horizontal displacement, while the stiffness of supporting structures and construction sequences have significant influences on deformation control. An innovative dynamic control strategy based on the space-time effect was proposed, and its effectiveness was verified through practical engineering cases. The research outcomes provide theoretical support and technical references for similar projects, and hold important significance in ensuring the safety of subway operations and promoting the sustainable development of urban underground space.
Keywords: Coastal Soft Soil Area; Deep Foundation Pit Excavation; Metro Tunnel Deformation; Stratum Unloading Effect; Dynamic Control Strategy
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 研究背景和意义 2
1.2 研究现状 2
1.3 本文研究的方法 2
第2章 滨海软土地区工程地质与基坑施工特征分析 4
2.1 滨海软土的物理力学特性及其对基坑工程的影响 4
2.2 深基坑支护体系在滨海软土环境中的适应性分析 4
2.3 地铁隧道邻近区域基坑施工工艺与风险识别 5
2.4 滨海软土地区典型工程案例对比分析 5
第3章 深基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道变形的作用机制研究 6
3.1 基坑卸荷引起的地层位移传播规律模拟分析 6
3.2 隧道结构响应与变形模式的数值仿真研究 6
3.3 不同施工参数对隧道变形的影响敏感性分析 7
3.4 多因素耦合作用下隧道变形预测模型构建 7
第4章 邻近地铁隧道变形控制技术与优化对策 8
4.1 变形控制标准与安全评估指标体系建立 8
4.2 主动防护措施在滨海软土地区的适用性评价 8
4.3 施工过程动态调控策略与实时监测方法 9
4.4 工程实践中的控制措施优化与效果验证 9
结论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
