摘 要
山区高速公路边坡稳定性评价与加固对策研究，旨在应对复杂地质条件下边坡失稳带来的安全隐患，提升山区道路工程的安全性与耐久性。本研究以典型山区高速公路为对象，综合运用现场调查、数值模拟与室内试验等手段，系统开展边坡稳定性评价与加固技术研究。首先，基于地质勘察资料与遥感影像解译，构建三维地质模型，识别潜在滑动面及其控制因素；其次，采用极限平衡法与有限元强度折减法进行稳定性计算与对比分析，评估不同工况下的边坡安全系数；在此基础上，提出分级加固策略，并通过数值模拟验证加固效果。研究结果表明，降雨入渗和地震动作用是影响边坡稳定性的关键外部因素，而岩土体结构与坡形特征则是内在控制因素；所提出的多参数耦合稳定性评价方法具有较高精度，能够有效识别高风险区域；加固方案中锚固-排水联合措施在提升安全系数方面表现显著，较传统方法提高稳定性约15%以上。本研究的创新点在于构建了适用于复杂山区环境的边坡稳定性综合评价体系，并提出了因地制宜的加固对策，为山区高速公路边坡工程设计与灾害防控提供了科学依据和技术支撑。
关键词：山区高速公路；边坡稳定性评价；加固对策；多参数耦合分析；锚固-排水联合措施
ABSTRACT
The study on stability evaluation and reinforcement strategies for highway slopes in mountainous areas aims to address safety hazards caused by slope instability under complex geological conditions, thereby enhancing the safety and durability of road engineering in mountainous regions. Taking a typical mountainous highway as the research ob ject, this study systematically investigates slope stability evaluation and reinforcement techniques through an integrated approach involving field investigations, numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments. Initially, based on geological survey data and remote sensing image interpretation, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed to identify potential sliding surfaces and their controlling factors. Subsequently, limit equilibrium methods and finite element strength reduction techniques were employed for stability calculations and comparative analysis, enabling the assessment of slope safety factors under various working conditions. On this basis, a graded reinforcement strategy was proposed, with its effectiveness verified through numerical simulations. Research findings indicate that rainfall infiltration and seismic activity are key external factors influencing slope stability, while the structure of rock-soil masses and slope morphology serve as internal controlling factors. The proposed multi-parameter coupled stability evaluation method demonstrates high accuracy in effectively identifying high-risk zones. Furthermore, the combined anchoring and drainage reinforcement measures show significant improvement in safety factors, increasing slope stability by more than 15% compared to traditional approaches. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a comprehensive slope stability evaluation fr amework tailored for complex mountainous environments and the proposal of site-specific reinforcement strategies, providing scientific support and technical guidance for slope engineering design and disaster prevention in mountainous highway construction.
Keywords: Mountain Expressway; Slope Stability Evaluation; Reinforcement Countermeasures; Multi-parameter Coupling Analysis; Anchoring-Drainage Combined Measures
