摘 要
随着城市化进程的加快和建筑结构复杂化，建筑材料的防火性能已成为保障公共安全和减少火灾损失的关键因素，其研究与应用实践具有重要的现实意义和学术价值本研究旨在系统探讨建筑材料的防火性能及其在实际工程中的应用效果，通过文献综述、实验分析和案例研究相结合的方法，对多种常见建筑材料的耐火极限、燃烧特性和热传导性能进行了深入评估同时，引入新型防火材料和技术，并对其在高温环境下的稳定性及经济性进行对比分析结果表明，传统建筑材料如混凝土和钢材在高温条件下存在明显的性能退化问题，而新型复合防火材料表现出更优异的耐火性能和环保特性此外，通过对典型建筑火灾案例的剖析，发现合理选择和使用防火材料能够显著延缓火势蔓延，为人员疏散和灭火救援争取宝贵时间本研究的创新点在于首次将生命周期评价方法应用于防火材料的综合性能评估中，提出了兼顾安全性、经济性和可持续性的材料选型策略，为建筑设计和施工提供了科学依据研究成果不仅丰富了建筑材料防火性能的理论体系，还为相关标准规范的制定和完善提供了重要参考
关键词：建筑材料防火性能；新型复合防火材料；耐火极限
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing complexity of building structures, the fire-resistant performance of building materials has become a critical factor in ensuring public safety and minimizing fire losses, making its research and application of significant practical importance and academic value. This study aims to systematically investigate the fire-resistant properties of building materials and their application effects in actual engineering projects. By integrating literature reviews, experimental analyses, and case studies, an in-depth evaluation was conducted on the fire endurance, combustion characteristics, and thermal conductivity of various common building materials. Meanwhile, novel fire-resistant materials and technologies were introduced, with their stability under high-temperature conditions and economic feasibility comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that traditional building materials, such as concrete and steel, exhibit notable performance degradation under high-temperature conditions, whereas advanced composite fire-resistant materials demonstrate superior fire resistance and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, through the analysis of typical building fire cases, it was found that the rational selection and use of fire-resistant materials can significantly delay fire spread, thereby providing valuable time for evacuation and firefighting rescue operations. An innovation of this study lies in the first application of life cycle assessment methods to the comprehensive evaluation of fire-resistant materials, proposing a material selection strategy that balances safety, economy, and sustainability, thus providing scientific support for architectural design and construction. The research not only enriches the theoretical fr amework of fire-resistant properties of building materials but also offers essential references for the formulation and improvement of relevant standards and specifications.
Keywords: Fire Resistance Performance Of Building Materials; New Type Of Composite Fire-Resistant Materials; Fire Endurance Limit
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 建筑材料防火性能研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外建筑材料防火性能研究现状 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 建筑材料防火性能的理论基础 3
2.1 防火性能的基本概念与评价指标 3
2.2 常见建筑材料的燃烧特性分析 3
2.3 影响建筑材料防火性能的关键因素 4
2.4 防火性能测试方法与标准体系 4
第3章 建筑材料防火性能优化策略研究 6
3.1 防火改性技术及其应用效果评估 6
3.2 新型耐火材料的研发进展与前景 6
3.3 环保型防火材料的设计与制备工艺 7
3.4 材料防火性能与经济性的平衡分析 7
第4章 建筑材料防火性能的应用实践研究 9
4.1 公共建筑中防火材料的选择与应用 9
4.2 工业建筑中的防火性能优化方案 9
4.3 民用建筑防火设计中的材料匹配策略 10
4.4 实际工程案例分析与经验总结 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
