摘 要
岩土工程中锚杆支护技术在边坡稳定、隧道开挖及基坑支护等领域具有重要作用，其设计与施工直接影响工程的安全性与经济性。本研究针对当前锚杆支护设计理论的局限性及施工过程中的不确定性问题，结合数值模拟与现场试验，系统分析了锚杆受力特性及其对围岩稳定性的影响机制。通过引入改进的非线性力学模型，提出了适用于复杂地质条件下的锚杆优化设计方法，并开发了一套基于实时监测数据的施工质量控制体系。研究结果表明，所提出的优化设计方法能够显著提高锚杆支护系统的承载能力，同时降低材料用量，实现经济效益与安全性能的平衡。此外，施工质量控制体系有效减少了因施工偏差导致的结构安全隐患。本研究的创新点在于将数值模拟与现场监测数据相结合，为锚杆支护的设计与施工提供了更为科学合理的理论依据和技术支持，对推动岩土工程领域相关技术的发展具有重要意义。关键词：锚杆支护; 优化设计; 非线性力学模型; 施工质量控制; 围岩稳定性
Abstract
Anchorage support technology plays a crucial role in geotechnical engineering, particularly in slope stabilization, tunnel excavation, and foundation pit support, with its design and construction directly impacting the safety and economy of projects. This study addresses the limitations of current anchorage support design theories and uncertainties during construction by integrating numerical simulations and field experiments to systematically analyze the mechanical characteristics of anchor rods and their influence mechanisms on surrounding rock stability. By introducing an improved nonlinear mechanical model, an optimized design method for anchor rods suitable for complex geological conditions is proposed, along with a construction quality control system based on real-time monitoring data. The results indicate that the proposed optimization method significantly enhances the load-bearing capacity of the anchorage support system while reducing material consumption, achieving a balance between economic benefits and safety performance. Additionally, the construction quality control system effectively mitigates structural safety hazards caused by construction deviations. The innovation of this research lies in combining numerical simulations with field monitoring data, providing a more scientifically sound theoretical basis and technical support for the design and construction of anchorage supports, which holds significant implications for advancing related technologies in geotechnical engineering.Key words:Anchor Rod Support; Optimized Design; Nonlinear Mechanical Model; Construction Quality Control; Surrounding Rock Stability
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、锚杆支护的基本原理与应用 2
1.1、锚杆支护的作用机制 2
1.2、锚杆类型及其特点 2
1.3、锚杆支护的应用领域 2
第2章、锚杆支护的设计方法研究 4
2.1、设计参数的确定方法 4
2.2、锚杆布置优化策略 4
2.3、设计中的关键问题分析 5
第3章、锚杆施工技术与工艺研究 6
3.1、施工准备与现场勘察 6
3.2、锚杆安装与质量控制 6
3.3、特殊地质条件下的施工技术 6
第4章、锚杆支护的性能评估与改进措施 8
4.1、支护效果监测方法 8
4.2、常见问题及原因分析 8
4.3、改进措施与未来方向 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
