摘 要
倾斜摄影测量技术作为一种新兴的空间数据获取手段，近年来在城市三维建模领域得到了广泛应用。本研究以提升城市三维模型构建精度为目标，系统分析了倾斜摄影测量技术在实际应用中的关键影响因素及其对模型精度的作用机制。通过选取典型城市区域作为实验对象，采用多视角影像采集与高精度地面控制点相结合的方法，利用先进的影像处理算法和三维重建技术，对生成的三维模型进行了全面的几何精度评估。研究结果表明，影像分辨率、拍摄角度、重叠度以及地形复杂程度等因素对模型精度具有显著影响，其中合理的影像设计与优化的数据处理流程能够有效提高模型的几何精度。此外，本研究提出了一种基于误差传播模型的精度预测方法，可为实际工程提供可靠的参数指导。研究表明，倾斜摄影测量技术能够在保证较高精度的同时实现大范围城市区域的快速三维建模，其成果可广泛应用于城市规划、灾害评估等领域。本研究的主要创新点在于建立了完整的精度评估体系，并提出了针对复杂场景的优化策略，为倾斜摄影测量技术在城市三维建模中的进一步应用奠定了理论基础和技术支持。
关键词：倾斜摄影测量；城市三维建模；几何精度评估
ABSTRACT
Tilt photogrammetry technology, as an emerging spatial data acquisition method, has been widely applied in the field of urban 3D modeling in recent years. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of urban 3D model construction by systematically analyzing the critical influencing factors of tilt photogrammetry technology and their mechanisms of action on model accuracy in practical applications. By selecting typical urban areas as experimental subjects, a combination of multi-view image acquisition and high-precision ground control points was employed, along with advanced image processing algorithms and 3D reconstruction techniques, to conduct a comprehensive geometric accuracy assessment of the generated 3D models. The results indicate that factors such as image resolution, shooting angle, overlap degree, and terrain complexity significantly affect model accuracy, where rational image design and optimized data processing workflows can effectively improve the geometric accuracy of the models. Additionally, this study proposes a precision prediction method based on an error propagation model, which can provide reliable parameter guidance for practical engineering projects. The research demonstrates that tilt photogrammetry technology is capable of achieving rapid large-scale 3D modeling of urban areas while maintaining high accuracy, with its outcomes applicable to urban planning, disaster assessment, and other fields. The primary innovations of this study lie in establishing a complete accuracy evaluation system and proposing optimization strategies for complex scenarios, thereby providing theoretical foundations and technical support for further applications of tilt photogrammetry technology in urban 3D modeling.
Keywords: Tilt Photogrammetry; Urban 3D Modeling; Geometric Accuracy Assessment
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 倾斜摄影测量技术的研究背景 1
1.2 构建城市三维模型的意义与价值 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 倾斜摄影测量技术原理与应用 3
2.1 倾斜摄影测量的基本原理 3
2.2 数据采集与处理流程分析 3
2.3 关键技术难点探讨 4
2.4 倾斜摄影在城市建模中的优势 4
2.5 技术局限性及其改进方向 5
第3章 城市三维模型构建的精度影响因素分析 6
3.1 数据源对精度的影响评估 6
3.2 摄影角度与分辨率的关系研究 6
3.3 地形复杂度对建模精度的作用 7
3.4 软件算法对精度的贡献分析 7
3.5 外部环境因素的干扰与控制 8
第4章 精度验证与优化策略研究 9
4.1 精度验证的标准与方法 9
4.2 实验设计与数据对比分析 9
4.3 高精度建模的关键技术优化 10
4.4 不同场景下的精度适应性研究 10
4.5 提升建模精度的综合建议 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
