摘要
冠心病心绞痛是心血管疾病中的常见类型，其病理机制与心肌供氧和耗氧失衡密切相关，而β受体阻滞剂美托洛尔在改善心肌氧供需平衡方面具有重要作用。本研究旨在探讨美托洛尔在冠心病心绞痛患者中的治疗效果及其安全性，为临床用药提供依据。研究选取120例冠心病心绞痛患者，随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组接受美托洛尔联合常规治疗，对照组仅接受常规治疗，疗程持续12周。通过对比两组患者的症状缓解情况、心功能指标（如左室射血分数）及不良反应发生率，结果显示试验组的心绞痛发作频率显著降低，硝酸甘油使用量减少，且左室射血分数明显提高，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。此外，美托洛尔的不良反应轻微且可控，未对治疗产生明显干扰。研究表明，美托洛尔能够有效改善冠心病心绞痛患者的症状和心功能，同时具备良好的安全性，其创新点在于明确了美托洛尔在优化心肌代谢方面的具体作用机制，为个体化治疗策略提供了新思路。关键词：美托洛尔；冠心病心绞痛；心肌氧供需平衡；左室射血分数；安全性
Metoprolol in the Treatment of Angina Pectoris in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Abstract
Angina pectoris caused by coronary heart disease is a common type of cardiovascular disease, and its pathophysiological mechanism is closely related to the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. Metoprolol, a β-blocker, plays a significant role in improving the balance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of metoprolol in patients with angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease, providing evidence for clinical medication. A total of 120 patients with coronary heart disease-related angina were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received metoprolol combined with conventional treatment, while the control group received only conventional treatment, with a treatment duration of 12 weeks. By comparing the symptom relief, cardiac function indicators (such as left ventricular ejection fraction), and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups, the results showed that the frequency of angina attacks in the experimental group was significantly reduced, the usage of nitroglycerin decreased, and the left ventricular ejection fraction was markedly improved, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). Moreover, the adverse reactions to metoprolol were mild and controllable, causing no significant interference with the treatment. The study demonstrated that metoprolol can effectively alleviate symptoms and improve cardiac function in patients with angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease, with good safety. Its innovation lies in clarifying the specific mechanisms of metoprolol in optimizing myocardial me tabolism, offering new insights for personalized treatment strategies.
Keywords: Metoprolol; Coronary Heart Disease Angina Pectoris; Myocardial Oxygen Supply-Demand Balance; Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; Safety
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
1 美托洛尔的药理机制研究 1
1.1 美托洛尔对心脏功能的影响 1
1.2 药代动力学与临床意义 2
2 冠心病心绞痛的病理基础分析 2
2.1 心绞痛的发病机制概述 2
2.2 冠心病患者的生理特征 3
2.3 美托洛尔在病理干预中的作用 3
3 美托洛尔在心绞痛治疗中的应用效果 3
3.1 临床试验数据的分析与总结 4
3.2 治疗过程中的剂量调整策略 4
3.3 不同患者群体的疗效差异 4
4 美托洛尔治疗的安全性与注意事项 5
4.1 常见不良反应及其管理 5
4.2 特殊人群用药的安全性评估 5
4.3 提高治疗依从性的方法探讨 6
结论 6
参考文献 8
致谢 9
