摘 要：古代西方体育教育与近代体育教育的发展研究聚焦于探讨古代西方体育教育的核心理念及其对近代体育教育体系形成的影响。研究以历史文献分析为基础，结合比较研究方法，系统梳理了古希腊、罗马时期的体育教育思想，并考察其在近代欧洲社会转型中的传承与创新。通过分析关键历史节点和代表性人物的贡献，揭示了体育教育从注重身体训练到强调身心全面发展的重要转变。研究表明，古代西方体育教育中“体魄与精神并重”的核心理念为近代体育教育奠定了理论基础，而近代体育教育则进一步融入科学化、系统化的训练模式，推动了现代体育教育体系的建立。本研究的创新点在于首次将古代体育教育思想与近代体育教育实践进行跨时代对比，提出了“体育教育连续性发展”的新视角，为理解体育教育的历史演进提供了全新思路。研究的主要贡献在于深化了对体育教育本质的认识，同时为当代体育教育改革提供了历史借鉴和理论支持。
关键词：古代西方体育教育；近代体育教育；体魄与精神并重；体育教育连续性发展；历史演进
Abstract：This study focuses on exploring the core concepts of ancient Western physical education and their influence on the formation of modern physical education systems. Based on historical document analysis and comparative research methods, it systematically examines the physical education ideologies of ancient Greece and Rome and investigates their inheritance and innovation during the social transformation of modern Europe. By analyzing key historical junctures and the contributions of representative figures, the study reveals the significant shift in physical education from a focus on bodily training to an emphasis on holistic development of both body and mind. The findings indicate that the central tenet of ancient Western physical education, which values the balance between physical strength and spiritual cultivation, laid a theoretical foundation for modern physical education. In turn, modern physical education integrated scientific and systematic training models, thereby facilitating the establishment of contemporary physical education systems. An innovative aspect of this research is its first-ever cross-era comparison between ancient physical education ideologies and modern physical education practices, proposing a new perspective of "continuous development of physical education" that offers fresh insights into the historical evolution of physical education. The primary contribution of this study lies in deepening the understanding of the essence of physical education while providing historical references and theoretical support for current reforms in physical education.
Keywords: Ancient Western Physical Education；Modern Physical Education；Balance Of Body And Spirit；Continuous Development Of Physical Education；Historical Evolution
目 录
引言 1
一、古代西方体育教育的起源与发展 1
(一)古希腊体育教育的核心理念 1
(二)罗马体育教育的特点与实践 2
(三)古代体育教育的社会功能 2
二、中世纪至文艺复兴时期的体育教育演变 3
(一)中世纪体育教育的衰落原因 3
(二)文艺复兴对体育教育的重新定义 3
(三)过渡期体育教育的形式变化 4
三、近代体育教育体系的形成与特征 4
(一)工业革命对体育教育的影响 4
(二)近代学校体育教育的制度化发展 5
(三)近代体育教育思想的理论基础 5
四、古代与近代体育教育的比较与启示 6
(一)教育目标的异同分析 6
(二)体育形式的历史变迁 6
(三)对现代体育教育发展的启示 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：古代西方体育教育；近代体育教育；体魄与精神并重；体育教育连续性发展；历史演进
Abstract：This study focuses on exploring the core concepts of ancient Western physical education and their influence on the formation of modern physical education systems. Based on historical document analysis and comparative research methods, it systematically examines the physical education ideologies of ancient Greece and Rome and investigates their inheritance and innovation during the social transformation of modern Europe. By analyzing key historical junctures and the contributions of representative figures, the study reveals the significant shift in physical education from a focus on bodily training to an emphasis on holistic development of both body and mind. The findings indicate that the central tenet of ancient Western physical education, which values the balance between physical strength and spiritual cultivation, laid a theoretical foundation for modern physical education. In turn, modern physical education integrated scientific and systematic training models, thereby facilitating the establishment of contemporary physical education systems. An innovative aspect of this research is its first-ever cross-era comparison between ancient physical education ideologies and modern physical education practices, proposing a new perspective of "continuous development of physical education" that offers fresh insights into the historical evolution of physical education. The primary contribution of this study lies in deepening the understanding of the essence of physical education while providing historical references and theoretical support for current reforms in physical education.
Keywords: Ancient Western Physical Education；Modern Physical Education；Balance Of Body And Spirit；Continuous Development Of Physical Education；Historical Evolution
目 录
引言 1
一、古代西方体育教育的起源与发展 1
(一)古希腊体育教育的核心理念 1
(二)罗马体育教育的特点与实践 2
(三)古代体育教育的社会功能 2
二、中世纪至文艺复兴时期的体育教育演变 3
(一)中世纪体育教育的衰落原因 3
(二)文艺复兴对体育教育的重新定义 3
(三)过渡期体育教育的形式变化 4
三、近代体育教育体系的形成与特征 4
(一)工业革命对体育教育的影响 4
(二)近代学校体育教育的制度化发展 5
(三)近代体育教育思想的理论基础 5
四、古代与近代体育教育的比较与启示 6
(一)教育目标的异同分析 6
(二)体育形式的历史变迁 6
(三)对现代体育教育发展的启示 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
