摘 要
随着全球人口老龄化进程加快，老年糖尿病患者数量逐年增加，其自我管理能力直接影响疾病控制效果和生活质量。本研究旨在探讨提升老年糖尿病患者自我管理能力的有效策略，以改善患者健康状况。基于国内外相关文献综述与临床实践，采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法，通过问卷调查、深度访谈及案例分析等方式收集数据，共选取500名老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象。研究结果显示，患者在饮食控制、运动锻炼、血糖监测等方面存在不同程度的困难，主要受教育水平、家庭支持、经济状况等因素影响。创新性地提出构建“医患互动-家庭支持-社区参与”三位一体管理模式，强调个性化健康管理方案制定的重要性。该模式不仅提高了患者的自我管理意识和技能，还显著改善了血糖控制水平，降低了并发症发生率。研究表明，通过系统化、个性化的干预措施，可以有效提升老年糖尿病患者的自我管理能力，为完善慢性病管理体系提供了新思路，对提高老年人群健康水平具有重要现实意义。
关键词：老年糖尿病患者；自我管理能力；医患互动-家庭支持-社区参与；血糖控制；个性化健康管理方案
Abstract
As the global population ages, the number of elderly patients with diabetes is increasing annually, and their self-management capability directly impacts disease control outcomes and quality of life. This study aims to explore effective strategies for enhancing the self-management ability of elderly diabetic patients to improve their health status. Based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature and clinical practice, this research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, collecting data through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and case analysis, selecting a total of 500 elderly diabetic patients as research subjects. The results indicate that patients encounter varying degrees of difficulties in dietary control, physical exercise, and blood glucose monitoring, which are mainly influenced by factors such as educational level, family support, and economic conditions. Innovatively, this study proposes the construction of a tripartite management model integrating "doctor-patient interaction-family support-community participation", emphasizing the importance of formulating personalized health management plans. This model not only enhances patients' self-management awareness and skills but also significantly improves blood glucose control levels and reduces the incidence of complications. The study demonstrates that systematic and personalized intervention measures can effectively enhance the self-management ability of elderly diabetic patients, providing new insights for improving chronic disease management systems and having significant practical implications for enhancing the health level of the elderly population.
Keywords：Elderly Diabetic Patients；Self-Management Ability；Doctor-Patient Interaction-Family Support-Community Participation；Blood Glucose Control；Personalized Health Management Plan
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 老年糖尿病患者现状分析 2
1.1 患者群体特征研究 2
1.2 自我管理能力评估 2
1.3 影响自我管理的因素 3
第二章 自我管理教育模式探索 5
2.1 教育内容设计原则 5
2.2 教育方式选择与实施 5
2.3 教育效果评估体系 6
第三章 家庭支持对自我管理的影响 8
3.1 家庭环境因素分析 8
3.2 家属参与度提升策略 8
3.3 家庭支持效果评价 9
第四章 社区医疗资源的利用 11
4.1 社区医疗服务现状 11
4.2 医疗资源整合方案 11
4.3 社区干预措施效果 12
结 论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
