小学生心理健康教育中的挫折教育研究 -小学教育专业

摘要

随着社会快速发展，小学生面临的压力源日益复杂多样，心理健康问题逐渐凸显，其中应对挫折能力不足成为影响小学生心理健康发展的重要因素。本研究旨在探讨小学生心理健康教育中挫折教育的现状、模式及效果，以提升小学生的挫折应对能力。通过对国内外相关文献的系统梳理，结合问卷调查与访谈法，在全国范围内选取不同地区、不同类型学校的小学生作为研究对象，共收集有效问卷1200份，并对30名小学生进行深度访谈。研究发现，当前小学生挫折教育存在内容单一、形式缺乏趣味性等问题；家庭和学校在挫折教育方面存在协同不足现象。基于此，构建了“家校社”三位一体的挫折教育模式，强调体验式学习、情境模拟等多样化教学方法的应用，注重培养小学生积极乐观的心态和解决问题的能力。该模式实施后，小学生在面对挫折时表现出更强的心理韧性，能够更理性地分析问题并寻求解决办法，其心理健康水平显著提高。

关键词：挫折教育；小学生心理健康；家校社协同

Research on frustration education in primary school students' mental health education

Abstract

With the rapid development of society, primary school students are faced with increasingly complex and diverse stressors, and mental health problems are gradually prominent, among which insufficient ability to cope with setbacks has become an important factor affecting the development of primary school students' mental health. The purpose of this study is to explore the current situation, model and effect of frustration education in primary school students' mental health education in order to improve their frustration coping ability. Through systematic review of relevant literature at home and abroad, combined with questionnaire survey and interview methods, primary school students from different regions and different types of schools were selected as research ob jects nationwide, a total of 1200 valid questionnaires were collected, and 30 primary school students were interviewed in depth. It is found that the current frustration education of primary school students has some problems, such as single content and lack of interest. There is insufficient coordination between family and school in frustration education. Based on this, the three-in-one frustration education model of "family, school and community" is constructed, emphasizing the application of diversified teaching methods such as experiential learning and situational simulation, and focusing on cultivating pupils' positive and optimistic attitude and problem-solving ability. After the implementation of this model, primary school students showed stronger psychological resilience in the face of setbacks, were able to analyze problems more rationally and seek solutions, and their mental health level was significantly improved.

Keywords: Frustration education; Mental health of primary school students; Family, school and community cooperation

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

一、绪论 1

（一）小学生挫折教育的背景与意义 1

（二）国内外研究现状综述 1

二、挫折教育的心理学基础 3

（一）挫折与小学生心理发展 3

（二）挫折应对机制的理论框架 3

（三）挫折教育对心理健康的促进作用 4

三、挫折教育的内容与实施路径 6