摘 要
患者安全文化是医疗质量与安全管理的重要组成部分，护理人员作为医疗服务中与患者接触最频繁的群体，在构建和维护患者安全文化方面发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究旨在探讨护理人员对患者安全文化的认知与行为现状及其影响因素，为提升患者安全文化建设提供依据。通过文献回顾发现，国内外关于护理人员在患者安全文化中的角色定位及行为特征的研究尚存在不足，尤其缺乏针对中国国情下护理人员的具体研究。本研究采用问卷调查法，选取某地区三所三级甲等医院共600名护理人员作为研究对象，设计涵盖安全文化认知、行为实践、组织支持感知等内容的调查问卷，回收有效问卷542份，有效回收率为90.33%。统计分析结果显示，护理人员对患者安全文化总体认知水平良好，但在不良事件报告、团队协作沟通等方面仍存在薄弱环节；不同职称、工作年限的护理人员在认知与行为上存在一定差异；组织支持程度显著影响护理人员的安全文化践行意愿。本研究创新性地构建了适用于中国情境下护理人员患者安全文化的评价框架，揭示了组织环境对护理人员安全文化行为的关键作用，为医疗机构优化安全管理体系提供了实证依据，强调了加强护理人员培训、改善组织氛围以促进积极安全文化的必要性。
关键词：患者安全文化；护理人员；认知与行为
Abstract
Patient safety culture is an integral component of healthcare quality and safety management. As the group most frequently interacting with patients, nurses play an indispensable role in constructing and maintaining patient safety culture. This study aims to explore the current status and influencing factors of nurses' perceptions and behaviors regarding patient safety culture, providing evidence for enhancing patient safety culture development. Through a literature review, it was found that research on the role positioning and behavioral characteristics of nurses in patient safety culture is insufficient both domestically and internationally, particularly lacking studies specific to the context of China. This study employed a questionnaire survey method, selecting 600 nursing staff from three tertiary hospitals in a certain region as research subjects. A questionnaire covering aspects such as perception of safety culture, behavioral practices, and perceived organizational support was designed. A total of 542 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 90.33%. Statistical analysis revealed that nurses generally have a good overall understanding of patient safety culture, but there are still weak points in areas such as adverse event reporting and team communication. Differences in perceptions and behaviors exist among nurses with different titles and work experience. The degree of organizational support significantly influences nurses' willingness to practice safety culture. Innovatively, this study constructed an evaluation fr amework applicable to Chinese nurses concerning patient safety culture, revealing the critical role of the organizational environment on nurses' safety culture behaviors. It provides empirical evidence for optimizing safety management systems in medical institutions and emphasizes the necessity of strengthening nurse training and improving the organizational atmosphere to promote a positive safety culture.
Keywords：Patient Safety Culture；Nursing Staff；Cognition And Behavior
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 患者安全文化的概念与内涵 2
1.1 患者安全文化的定义 2
1.2 患者安全文化的核心要素 2
1.3 患者安全文化的发展历程 3
第二章 护理人员对患者安全文化的认知 5
2.1 认知现状调查分析 5
2.2 影响认知的因素探讨 5
2.3 提高认知的策略研究 6
第三章 护理人员在患者安全文化中的行为表现 8
3.1 行为规范与标准 8
3.2 实际行为偏差分析 8
3.3 行为改进措施探讨 2
第四章 促进护理人员践行患者安全文化的策略 4
4.1 教育培训体系构建 4
4.2 组织管理机制优化 4
4.3 文化氛围营造方法 5
结 论 7
参考文献 8
致 谢 9
