摘 要
随着现代医学模式的转变，儿科护理中患儿的心理健康受到越来越多的关注，而焦虑情绪是患儿住院期间常见的心理问题，严重影响其治疗效果和康复进程。本研究旨在探讨游戏疗法对儿科住院患儿焦虑情绪的影响。选取某三甲医院儿科2021年1月至2022年1月收治的120例住院患儿为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各60例，对照组采用常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施游戏疗法，包括角色扮演、拼图、绘画等游戏活动，每次30分钟，每天1次，持续7天。采用儿童状态 - 特质焦虑量表于干预前、干预后第7天评估两组患儿焦虑情绪。结果显示，干预前两组患儿焦虑评分比较差异无统计学意义；干预后第7天，观察组患儿焦虑评分为（25.6±4.8）分低于对照组的（36.7±5.2）分，差异有统计学意义。这表明游戏疗法可有效缓解儿科住院患儿焦虑情绪，其创新之处在于将游戏疗法系统地应用于儿科护理领域，丰富了儿科护理干预措施，为临床护理人员提供新的思路与方法，有助于提高患儿的治疗依从性和康复质量。
关键词：儿科护理；游戏疗法；焦虑情绪
Abstract
With the transformation of modern medical models, increasing attention has been paid to the mental health of pediatric patients in pediatric nursing, where anxiety is a common psychological issue during hospitalization that significantly affects treatment outcomes and recovery processes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of play therapy on anxiety in hospitalized pediatric patients. A total of 120 pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary hospital's pediatrics department from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as research subjects and divided into observation and control groups of 60 patients each using a random number table method. The control group received routine care, while the observation group underwent play therapy, including role-playing, puzzles, and drawing activities, for 30 minutes once daily over seven days, in addition to routine care. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children was used to assess anxiety levels in both groups before intervention and on the seventh day post-intervention. Results showed no statistically significant difference in anxiety scores between the two groups before intervention; however, on the seventh day post-intervention, the anxiety score of the observation group (25.6±4.8) was significantly lower than that of the control group (36.7±5.2), with statistical significance. This indicates that play therapy can effectively alleviate anxiety in hospitalized pediatric patients. Its innovation lies in systematically applying play therapy to pediatric nursing, enriching pediatric nursing interventions, providing new ideas and methods for clinical nursing staff, and contributing to improved treatment compliance and recovery quality in pediatric patients.
Keywords：Pediatric Nursing；Play Therapy；Anxiety
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 游戏疗法的理论基础与应用 2
1.1 游戏疗法的概念界定 2
1.2 儿科护理中的游戏形式 2
1.3 游戏疗法的心理学依据 3
第二章 患儿焦虑情绪的特征分析 5
2.1 患儿焦虑的表现形式 5
2.2 不同年龄段患儿焦虑特点 5
2.3 医院环境对患儿焦虑的影响 6
第三章 游戏疗法干预措施设计 7
3.1 游戏疗法实施流程构建 7
3.2 针对性游戏方案选择 7
3.3 护理人员的角色定位 8
第四章 游戏疗法效果评估研究 10
4.1 焦虑情绪量化评估方法 10
4.2 游戏疗法前后对比分析 10
4.3 影响游戏疗法效果的因素 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
