摘 要
遗传算法作为一种全局优化搜索技术，在众多领域展现出强大的求解能力，其编码方式对求解精度具有重要影响。本研究旨在深入探讨不同编码方式对遗传算法求解精度的影响，以期为实际应用提供理论依据和指导。研究选取二进制编码、实数编码、浮点数编码等常见编码方式进行对比分析，基于典型测试函数构建实验平台，通过大量仿真实验获取数据。结果表明，不同编码方式在求解精度上存在显著差异，其中实数编码在多数情况下表现出更高的求解精度，且收敛速度相对较快；二进制编码虽然编码简单但求解精度相对较低；浮点数编码在特定条件下能获得较高精度但计算复杂度较大。本研究创新性地引入了编码方式与问题特征匹配度的概念，提出根据问题特性选择最优编码方式的思想，这一思路有助于提高遗传算法的求解效率和精度，为遗传算法在复杂优化问题中的应用提供了新的视角和方法，拓展了遗传算法的应用范围并提升了其解决实际问题的能力。
关键词：遗传算法 编码方式 求解精度
Abstract
Genetic Algorithm (GA), as a global optimization search technique, has demonstrated powerful problem-solving capabilities across various fields, with its encoding methods significantly influencing solution accuracy. This study aims to thoroughly investigate the impact of different encoding methods on the solution accuracy of GA, providing theoretical basis and guidance for practical applications. The research compares common encoding methods including binary encoding, real-number encoding, and floating-point encoding through an experimental platform constructed based on typical test functions, obtaining data from extensive simulation experiments. Results indicate that there are significant differences in solution accuracy among these encoding methods, with real-number encoding generally exhibiting higher solution accuracy and relatively faster convergence speed; although binary encoding is simple, it shows relatively lower solution accuracy; floating-point encoding can achieve high precision under specific conditions but involves greater computational complexity. Innovatively, this study introduces the concept of matching degree between encoding methods and problem characteristics, proposing the idea of selecting optimal encoding methods according to problem features. This approach enhances the efficiency and accuracy of GA solutions, offering new perspectives and methods for the application of GA in complex optimization problems, thereby expanding its application scope and improving its capability to solve practical problems.
Keyword:Genetic Algorithm Coding Method Solution Accuracy
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究方法概述 2
2编码方式的理论基础 2
2.1编码方式的基本概念 2
2.2常见编码方式分类 3
2.3编码方式对遗传算法的影响机制 3
3不同编码方式的精度分析 4
3.1二进制编码的求解精度 4
3.2实数编码的求解精度 5
3.3符号编码的求解精度 5
4编码方式优化与精度提升 6
4.1编码方式的选择策略 6
4.2混合编码的应用效果 6
4.3编码优化对精度的影响 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
