摘 要
随着我国社会经济的发展和家庭结构的变化，离婚率逐年上升，由此引发的子女抚养问题日益凸显，成为司法实践中的难点与热点。本研究旨在深入探讨离婚案件中子女抚养问题的法律实务状况，以期为完善相关立法及司法实践提供参考。通过对全国多个地区法院近五年来涉及子女抚养权归属、抚养费确定等典型案例进行系统梳理，并结合问卷调查法获取法官、律师及当事人三方视角的一手资料，分析当前司法实践中存在的主要问题，如抚养权判定标准不统一、抚养费数额确定缺乏科学依据等。研究发现，在处理子女抚养问题时，应将未成年子女利益最大化原则贯穿始终，创新性地提出构建多元化的抚养模式，包括共同抚养、轮流抚养等形式，并建议引入第三方评估机制以确保抚养方案的合理性与可行性。此外，还强调了加强法律法规配套建设的重要性，为解决离婚案件中子女抚养问题提供了新的思路与方法，对促进家庭和谐稳定具有重要意义。
关键词：子女抚养权 未成年子女利益最大化 抚养费确定
Abstract
With the development of China's social economy and changes in family structures, divorce rates have been rising annually, leading to increasingly prominent issues concerning child custody that have become both challenging and focal points in judicial practice. This study aims to thoroughly examine the legal practicalities of child custody in divorce cases, providing insights for improving relevant legislation and judicial practices. By systematically analyzing typical cases from multiple regions across the country over the past five years, focusing on issues such as the determination of custody rights and the setting of child support, and by employing a questionnaire survey method to obtain firsthand data from judges, lawyers, and parties involved, this research identifies key problems in current judicial practice, including inconsistent standards for determining custody and lack of scientific basis for setting child support amounts. The findings suggest that the principle of maximizing the best interests of the minor child should be consistently applied throughout the process of addressing child custody issues. Innovatively, this study proposes establishing diversified custody models, such as joint custody and rotational custody, and recommends introducing a third-party evaluation mechanism to ensure the rationality and feasibility of custody arrangements. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of strengthening supporting legal fr ameworks, offering new approaches and methods for resolving child custody issues in divorce cases, which is of great significance for promoting family harmony and stability.
Keyword:Child Custody Maximization Of Minor Children's Interests Determination Of Child Support Diversified Custody Models
目 录
引言 1
1离婚案件中子女抚养的法律基础 1
1.1子女抚养的法律规定 1
1.2法律原则在抚养中的体现 2
1.3相关司法解释的作用 2
2子女抚养权归属的判定标准 3
2.1子女利益最大化的考量 3
2.2父母抚养能力的评估 3
2.3其他影响因素分析 4
3子女抚养费的确定与执行 4
3.1抚养费数额的确定依据 4
3.2抚养费支付方式的选择 5
3.3抚养费执行中的问题 5
4子女探视权的保障与实现 6
4.1探视权的法律规定 6
4.2探视权行使的障碍 6
4.3探视权保障措施 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
随着我国社会经济的发展和家庭结构的变化，离婚率逐年上升，由此引发的子女抚养问题日益凸显，成为司法实践中的难点与热点。本研究旨在深入探讨离婚案件中子女抚养问题的法律实务状况，以期为完善相关立法及司法实践提供参考。通过对全国多个地区法院近五年来涉及子女抚养权归属、抚养费确定等典型案例进行系统梳理，并结合问卷调查法获取法官、律师及当事人三方视角的一手资料，分析当前司法实践中存在的主要问题，如抚养权判定标准不统一、抚养费数额确定缺乏科学依据等。研究发现，在处理子女抚养问题时，应将未成年子女利益最大化原则贯穿始终，创新性地提出构建多元化的抚养模式，包括共同抚养、轮流抚养等形式，并建议引入第三方评估机制以确保抚养方案的合理性与可行性。此外，还强调了加强法律法规配套建设的重要性，为解决离婚案件中子女抚养问题提供了新的思路与方法，对促进家庭和谐稳定具有重要意义。
关键词：子女抚养权 未成年子女利益最大化 抚养费确定
Abstract
With the development of China's social economy and changes in family structures, divorce rates have been rising annually, leading to increasingly prominent issues concerning child custody that have become both challenging and focal points in judicial practice. This study aims to thoroughly examine the legal practicalities of child custody in divorce cases, providing insights for improving relevant legislation and judicial practices. By systematically analyzing typical cases from multiple regions across the country over the past five years, focusing on issues such as the determination of custody rights and the setting of child support, and by employing a questionnaire survey method to obtain firsthand data from judges, lawyers, and parties involved, this research identifies key problems in current judicial practice, including inconsistent standards for determining custody and lack of scientific basis for setting child support amounts. The findings suggest that the principle of maximizing the best interests of the minor child should be consistently applied throughout the process of addressing child custody issues. Innovatively, this study proposes establishing diversified custody models, such as joint custody and rotational custody, and recommends introducing a third-party evaluation mechanism to ensure the rationality and feasibility of custody arrangements. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of strengthening supporting legal fr ameworks, offering new approaches and methods for resolving child custody issues in divorce cases, which is of great significance for promoting family harmony and stability.
Keyword:Child Custody Maximization Of Minor Children's Interests Determination Of Child Support Diversified Custody Models
目 录
引言 1
1离婚案件中子女抚养的法律基础 1
1.1子女抚养的法律规定 1
1.2法律原则在抚养中的体现 2
1.3相关司法解释的作用 2
2子女抚养权归属的判定标准 3
2.1子女利益最大化的考量 3
2.2父母抚养能力的评估 3
2.3其他影响因素分析 4
3子女抚养费的确定与执行 4
3.1抚养费数额的确定依据 4
3.2抚养费支付方式的选择 5
3.3抚养费执行中的问题 5
4子女探视权的保障与实现 6
4.1探视权的法律规定 6
4.2探视权行使的障碍 6
4.3探视权保障措施 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
