摘 要：随着教育理念的不断更新，培养学生的自主学习能力成为小学数学教学的重要目标。本研究旨在探讨如何在小学数学课堂中有效提升学生的自主学习能力，以期为一线教师提供理论与实践指导。通过对国内外相关文献的梳理以及对当前小学数学课堂教学现状的分析，发现传统教学模式下学生自主学习意识淡薄、参与度低等问题亟待解决。为此，本研究选取某地区三所小学共六个班级作为实验对象，采用行动研究法，在为期一年的时间内实施了包括创设问题情境、引导探究式学习、建立多元评价体系等一系列干预措施。研究结果表明，经过系统化的教学改革，实验班学生在数学学习兴趣、主动思考能力、解决问题能力等方面均有显著提高，课堂参与度明显增强。特别是通过构建“以生为本”的教学模式，充分调动了学生的学习积极性，使他们逐渐养成了良好的自主学习习惯。本研究创新性地将心理学理论与数学学科特点相结合，提出了具有可操作性的自主学习能力培养策略，为深化小学数学课程改革提供了有益借鉴。
关键词：自主学习能力；小学数学教学；行动研究法
Abstract：With the continuous updating of educational philosophies, cultivating students' autonomous learning abilities has become a crucial ob jective in primary school mathematics education. This study aims to explore effective strategies for enhancing students' autonomous learning abilities in primary school mathematics classrooms, providing theoretical and practical guidance for frontline teachers. By reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, as well as analyzing the current status of primary school mathematics teaching, it was found that under traditional teaching models, issues such as students' weak awareness of autonomous learning and low participation need urgent attention. To address these challenges, this research selected six classes from three primary schools in a specific region as experimental subjects, employing action research methodology. Over a period of one year, a series of intervention measures were implemented, including creating problem-based scenarios, guiding inquiry-based learning, and establishing a diversified evaluation system. The results indicate that after systematic teaching reforms, students in the experimental classes showed significant improvements in their interest in mathematics, ability to think independently, and problem-solving skills, with notably increased classroom participation. Particularly, by constructing a student-centered teaching model, students' enthusiasm for learning was fully mobilized, gradually fostering good habits of autonomous learning. Innovatively combining psychological theories with the characteristics of mathematics, this study proposes operational strategies for cultivating autonomous learning abilities, offering valuable references for deepening curriculum reforms in primary school mathematics.
引言 1
一、小学数学自主学习现状分析 1
(一)学生自主学习意识调查 1
(二)课堂自主学习环境评估 2
(三)现有教学模式对自主学习的影响 2
二、自主学习能力培养的理论基础 3
(一)数学学科特点与自主学习 3
(二)心理学视角下的自主学习 3
(三)教育学理论对自主学习的支持 4
三、构建自主学习的教学策略 5
(一)设计启发式教学活动 5
(二)培养学生问题解决能力 5
(三)引导学生进行自我评价 6
四、推动自主学习的实践探索 6
(一)课堂互动模式创新 6
(二)家校合作促进自主学习 7
(三)教师角色转变与支持 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
关键词：自主学习能力；小学数学教学；行动研究法
Abstract：With the continuous updating of educational philosophies, cultivating students' autonomous learning abilities has become a crucial ob jective in primary school mathematics education. This study aims to explore effective strategies for enhancing students' autonomous learning abilities in primary school mathematics classrooms, providing theoretical and practical guidance for frontline teachers. By reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, as well as analyzing the current status of primary school mathematics teaching, it was found that under traditional teaching models, issues such as students' weak awareness of autonomous learning and low participation need urgent attention. To address these challenges, this research selected six classes from three primary schools in a specific region as experimental subjects, employing action research methodology. Over a period of one year, a series of intervention measures were implemented, including creating problem-based scenarios, guiding inquiry-based learning, and establishing a diversified evaluation system. The results indicate that after systematic teaching reforms, students in the experimental classes showed significant improvements in their interest in mathematics, ability to think independently, and problem-solving skills, with notably increased classroom participation. Particularly, by constructing a student-centered teaching model, students' enthusiasm for learning was fully mobilized, gradually fostering good habits of autonomous learning. Innovatively combining psychological theories with the characteristics of mathematics, this study proposes operational strategies for cultivating autonomous learning abilities, offering valuable references for deepening curriculum reforms in primary school mathematics.
Keywords: Autonomous Learning Ability；Primary School Mathematics Teaching；Action Research Method
引言 1
一、小学数学自主学习现状分析 1
(一)学生自主学习意识调查 1
(二)课堂自主学习环境评估 2
(三)现有教学模式对自主学习的影响 2
二、自主学习能力培养的理论基础 3
(一)数学学科特点与自主学习 3
(二)心理学视角下的自主学习 3
(三)教育学理论对自主学习的支持 4
三、构建自主学习的教学策略 5
(一)设计启发式教学活动 5
(二)培养学生问题解决能力 5
(三)引导学生进行自我评价 6
四、推动自主学习的实践探索 6
(一)课堂互动模式创新 6
(二)家校合作促进自主学习 7
(三)教师角色转变与支持 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
