摘 要
近年来国际贸易摩擦频发，尤其以中美贸易摩擦为代表的国际经贸关系变化对全球经济格局产生深远影响，在此背景下研究国际贸易摩擦对我国经济的影响及应对策略具有重要的现实意义。本研究旨在全面剖析国际贸易摩擦对我国宏观经济、产业布局、企业经营等多方面的影响，并探索有效的应对路径。通过文献综述、理论分析与实证研究相结合的方法，运用计量经济学模型对相关数据进行深入挖掘。研究发现国际贸易摩擦在短期内对我国出口导向型产业造成一定冲击，部分劳动密集型和中低端制造业面临订单减少、成本上升等问题，但长期来看也促使我国加速产业升级转型，推动自主创新体系建设。创新点在于从动态视角考察了贸易摩擦的双刃剑效应，不仅关注负面影响还挖掘其倒逼机制下的积极意义，为政策制定提供新思路。结论是我国应继续深化改革开放，优化营商环境，强化科技创新能力，拓展多元国际市场，提升产业链供应链稳定性和竞争力，以实现高质量发展。
关键词：国际贸易摩擦 中美贸易关系 产业升级转型
Abstract
In recent years, the frequency of international trade frictions has increased significantly, particularly those between China and the United States, which have profoundly impacted the global economic landscape. Against this backdrop, investigating the effects of international trade frictions on China's economy and exploring corresponding strategies hold substantial practical significance. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the multifaceted impacts of international trade frictions on China’s macroeconomy, industrial structure, and corporate operations, while also identifying effective coping mechanisms. By integrating literature review, theoretical analysis, and empirical research, econometric models are employed to delve into relevant data. The findings indicate that in the short term, international trade frictions have exerted a certain degree of pressure on China’s export-oriented industries, with labor-intensive and mid-to-low-end manufacturing sectors encountering issues such as reduced orders and rising costs. However, in the long run, these frictions have accelerated China’s industrial upgrading and transformation, promoting the development of an independent innovation system. A key innovation of this study lies in its dynamic examination of the dual-edged nature of trade frictions, focusing not only on negative impacts but also uncovering positive implications under the mechanism of forced adaptation, thereby offering new perspectives for policy formulation. The conclusion underscores that China should continue to deepen reform and opening-up, optimize the business environment, enhance scientific and technological innovation capabilities, expand into diverse international markets, and improve the stability and competitiveness of its industrial and supply chains to achieve high-quality development.
Keyword:International Trade Frictions China-US Trade Relations Industrial Upgrading And Transformation
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2研究现状综述 1
1.3研究方法概述 1
2国际贸易摩擦对我国经济的影响 2
2.1对对外贸易的影响 2
2.2对国内产业的影响 2
2.3对就业市场的影响 3
3国际贸易摩擦影响的传导机制 4
3.1通过产业链的传导 4
3.2通过金融市场传导 4
3.3通过消费市场的传导 5
4应对国际贸易摩擦的策略 5
4.1完善国内政策体系 5
4.2提升企业竞争力 6
4.3加强国际合作与协调 6
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
