摘 要
物联网设备的广泛应用推动了智能化社会的发展，但其能耗问题日益凸显，影响着设备续航能力、系统运行成本及环境可持续性。为此，本研究聚焦于物联网设备的能耗管理与优化，旨在探索有效降低能耗的方法，以延长设备使用寿命并提高能源利用效率。研究基于对不同类型物联网设备能耗特征的深入分析，构建了涵盖硬件架构、软件算法以及网络通信等多维度的能耗评估模型，创新性地引入了动态能耗预测机制，通过机器学习算法对设备运行状态进行实时监测与预判，从而实现精准的能耗控制策略调整。实验结果表明，所提出的能耗管理方案能够显著降低物联网设备的平均能耗，在多种应用场景下实现了15% - 30%的节能效果，同时确保了数据传输的稳定性和可靠性。此外，该研究还提出了一种基于边缘计算的分布式能耗优化框架，将部分计算任务卸载至边缘节点处理，减少了终端设备的计算负担和能量消耗，进一步提升了整体系统的能效水平。这一研究成果不仅为解决物联网设备能耗问题提供了新的思路和技术手段，也为构建绿色、高效的物联网生态系统奠定了理论基础。
关键词：物联网设备能耗管理 动态能耗预测 边缘计算分布式优化
Abstract
The widespread application of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has propelled the development of intelligent societies, yet their energy consumption issues have become increasingly prominent, affecting device endurance, system operational costs, and environmental sustainability. This study focuses on energy consumption management and optimization for IoT devices, aiming to explore effective methods to reduce energy consumption, thereby extending device lifespan and improving energy efficiency. Based on an in-depth analysis of the energy consumption characteristics of different types of IoT devices, this research constructs a multi-dimensional energy consumption evaluation model that encompasses hardware architecture, software algorithms, and network communication. Innovatively, a dynamic energy consumption prediction mechanism is introduced, utilizing machine learning algorithms to monitor and predict device operational states in real-time, thus enabling precise adjustments to energy consumption control strategies. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed energy management scheme can significantly reduce the average energy consumption of IoT devices, achieving energy savings of 15% to 30% across various application scenarios while ensuring stable and reliable data transmission. Additionally, this study proposes a distributed energy optimization fr amework based on edge computing, offloading certain computational tasks to edge nodes for processing, thereby reducing the computational burden and energy consumption of terminal devices and further enhancing the overall system's energy efficiency. This research not only provides new ideas and technical means to address the energy consumption issues of IoT devices but also lays a theoretical foundation for building a green and efficient IoT ecosystem.
Keyword:Internet Of Things Device Energy Management Dynamic Energy Consumption Prediction Edge Computing Distributed Optimization
目 录
引言 1
1物联网能耗管理现状分析 1
1.1物联网设备能耗特点 1
1.2现有能耗管理技术 2
1.3存在的主要问题 2
2能耗优化的关键技术 3
2.1低功耗通信协议 3
2.2智能电源管理 3
2.3数据处理与传输优化 4
3能耗管理的系统架构 4
3.1分布式能耗监测 4
3.2动态能耗调控 5
3.3安全与可靠性保障 5
4实施策略与应用案例 6
4.1行业标准与规范 6
4.2典型应用场景分析 7
4.3未来发展趋势展望 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
